ZXTape! 2 Computer Studies - Side ACollins Revision SoftwareT. Cross D. Maddocks1984English EducationalFullNoneOriginal Release&TZXed by Andrew Barker For David BattyTESTER $W W3!&W e:7::2:10 ,0;"Press ";:"STOP";:" on your tape recorder":1 n1:0,0;"Computing Tester":0:2,0;" Collins 1985"  3750  9000(#  9800H& ( 3750 2 3000 < 9500% > 3750 A e=1c F 1000 P 3600 Z 3700t _ 3750 d ne x 1300 3750 502 ꏟ Start of routines  f$=w$(e) b=f$ $f$(b)" "f$=f$(b):1050  b=b-1  1020 511 ,0;" " 11 ,8;" "; ! 1 $x=1̱f$ .""; 8x = 0 B3,0;c$(e) G 0,0;"Question ";e L 618,0;" " 619,0;" "   )score=((correct/c)*100d+.5) (0,0;1;z$ 2f2,0;"In this test you got ";2;score;"% ";0;"of":"the questions correct." < F 1400x P U Z2:m$:0 d xscore90 Z"This is excellent! If you want to study this topic further and revise other aspectsof it you will find these programs helpful:":1490 sscore75K"This is a good score! Looking at these programs will help your revision-":1490 score502"You need to do a bit more revision!Try working through thefollowing programs and then testyourself again:":1490 score25"You need to revise this topic more thoroughly! Use the following programs to help you revise the topic again:":1490 m"You do not fully understand this topic. The following programs will help you to learn about it:"  < 1 A11 ,9 ;f$(1) Z "Computing Tester","History of Computing","Memory and storage","Peripherals","Parts of the computer","Programming","Logic & arithmetic" 4"Operating systems","Finish using the program","*" 7:0  7 3000 n=0 z$ z$="*"3100 n=n+1  3075  n=n-1 !#n>9 sp=1:3110& " sp=0 & 3000 + 1 .z$ 01,3;z$ 6 n=1 7 m=1 8z$ :z$="*"3200 D 4 N%(3+n),2;(64@+m); X 0 b(3+n),4;z$ l%sp=1n=n+1:3190v q n=n+2 v m=m+1 { 31288 2 &21,2;"Press a letter "; l$= 0 v=(l$) $v=72Hv=104h9700% v=42*9700% )v>64@v<(64@+m)3300 : *v>96`v<(96`+m)3300 : 3210 q=0  r=(*8) v=65Av=97ad=0:z$="History of computing":m$="Diagram2 : Development Question1 : Applications Question2 : Applications" v=66Bv=98bd=20:z$="Memory and storage":m$="Diagram1 : Storage devices Question1 : Peripherals Question2 : Peripherals Game2 : Storing data" v=67Cv=99cd=40(:z$="Peripherals":m$="Diagram1 : Input devices Storage devices Diagram2 : Output devices Question1 : Peripherals Question2 : Peripherals Game2 : Storing data" ?v=68Dv=100dd=60<:z$="Parts of the computer":m$="Diagram1 : Computer diagram Input devices Storage devices Diagram2 : Output devices Diagram3 : Inside a computer Question1 : Peripherals Question2 : Peripherals Game2 : Storing data" v=69Ev=101ed=100d:z$="Programming":m$="Diagram1 : Flowchart symbols Diagram2 : Conveyor belt : Personnel Question1 : Software & languagesQuestion2 : Software & languagesGame2 : Trace tables" v=70Fv=102fd=100d:z$="Logic and arithmetic":m$="Diagram3 : Logic networks Game1 : Logic networks : Number systems : Arithmetic" v=71Gv=103gd=120x:z$="Operating systems":m$="Diagram3 : Factory applications : Banking applicationsQuestion1 : CPU & data transfer Game2 : Masking and control" d=4000+d $ t=13  7 o0:14,5;"Type in the answer and":15,10 ;"press ENTER":.03{u\,45- J21,0;" ":21,0; A$  'a$="".03{u\,45-:3615 !a$(1)="*"9700% "b=a$ #+b=0.03{u\,45-:3615 $"a$(b)" "a$=a$(b):3623' % b=b-1 & 3619# 'Jb=1̱a$:a$(b)>64@Ưa$(b)<91[a$(b)=(a$(b)+32 ) (b )N14,5;" ":15,10 ;" " *A$=f$4:18,0;" Well done ":3900<:3960x:t=3:0 -t=12:18,2;"No, that's not right.Try again The first letter is ";:0:f$(1):40(:2620< .Zt=21200:18,2;"Look up this GEM reference for help : ";R$(e) 8 502 =t B t 1 ~11 ,9 ;f$  1200 X14,0;" ":15,10 ;" "  N0:.03{u\,40(:20,6;"Press SPACE to carry on" l$= (l$)=42*9700% (l$)32 3755 -20,6;" "  <'w=125:0.03{u\,w:w: n1w=1-25-1:0.03{u\,w:w: x$t=1correct=correct+1  ^"minicomputer","A small version of a mainframe fitting inside one cabinet (12)","mainframe" b"microprocessor","An LSI chip that is used as the CPU in a microcomputer. (14)","microcomputer" c"microcomputer","A computer which uses a micro - processor chip as its CPU (12)","microprocessor" ^"integration","Very Large Scale ........... : more tham 5000 gates on a chip","Small scale" ^"semiconductor","A material which is neither a good conductor or insulator (13)","silicon" `"transistor","The basic unit of second generation computers (10)","Integrated circuits" Z"napiers rods","A set of instruments used to do multiplications in C16 (7,4)","Page 127" W"integrated",".......... circuits have all thecomponents on one semiconductor","chip" ["hollerith","The inventor of a card reading machine for a census of the USA","Tabulator" b"babbage","He invented the analytical engine, the first real computer?","Analytical Engine" X"jacquard","The inventor of punched cards. He used them to control a loom.","Page 92" V"pascal","The frenchman who invented the first mechanical calculator (6)","Leibniz" V"abacus","The first calculating aid :- Invented by early civilizations","Page 11" ^"mainframe","A large computer needing a closely controlled environment.","minicomputer" "second","This generation of computers used transistors (6)","first generation","first","This generation of computers used valves (5)","valve" "univac","The Universal Automatic Computerfirst American business machine","Page xvii","edsac","Electronic Delay Storage Automatic Computer (5)","Page ix" "eniac","The first fully electronic computer (5)","Page ix","leo","The first computer used commercially in Britain in 1951","Page xii" c"chip","A silicon .... is the basic unitof third generation computers(4)","Integrated circuits" W"valve","The basic unit of first generation computers (5)","First generation"  "*","*","*" N"ferrite core","A ring shaped piece of magnetic material (7,4)","Core store" ]"serial access","Memory locations which have to be read in sequence (6,6)","Direct access" X"backing store","Where large amounts of data are kept until needed (7,5)","Core store" W"random access","Memory which does not have to beread serially (6,6)","Direct access" "kilobyte","Kb (8)","Memory" _"non volatile","Memory which is not erased when the power is switched off (3,8)","Core store" Y"immediate","These access stores are in the CPU or are directly addressable","Page 84" 2"winchester","A hard disk drive (10)","Page 220" c"paper tape","An older form of non-magnetic non-volatile storage (5,4)","Punched tape" ]"core store","An older form of non-volatile memory using iron rings (4,5)","Ferrite core" T"megabyte","A million bytes of information (8)","Magnetic memory" a"floppy disk","A flexible magnetic memory whichrotates to become rigid (6,4)","Winchester disk" ^"read write","The head that puts data on and takes data off a disk (4,5)","Winchester disk" Z"volatile","Memory which loses stored data when the power is switched off","Core store" `"disk drive","A peripheral that reads and writes data on floppies (4,5)","Winchester disk" P"bubble","A magnetic memory store that hasno moving parts (6)","Serial access" ħ"sectors","A magnetic disk has circular tracks formatted into .......(7)","Floppy disk","track","A channel or line along which data is stored (5)","Floppy disk" Ū"block","A set of records treated as a single unit of data (5)","Page 25","rom","Memory that holds data that cannot be altered by the CPU (3)","Read/Write memory" Ɵ"ram","A set of storage locations whichcan be accessed directly (3)","Memory","eprom","A ROM whose contents can be altered by th user","Read Only Memory"  "*","*","*" ["electrostatic","A printer which burns away a silvery coating on paper (13)","Printer" W"dot matrix","A printer which forms characterswith a pattern of dots (3,6)","Printer" M"microfiche","A slide of data which is viewed using a projector","Page 116" J"card reader","A machine which decodes punched cards (4,6)","Peripheral" `"light pen","A device that can draw directly on the screen of a GDU (5,3)","Graphical display" ]"joy stick","A peripheral controlling the movement of a shape on a VDU(3,5","Peripheral" V"keyboard","The most common input device connected to the CPU. (8)","Microwriter" U"key to disk","A unit for off-line data preparation (3,2,4)","keyboard" U"kimball","A tag used at a point of sale terminal in clothes shops (7)","Page 97" M"xy plotter","A peripheral used to draw graphs (2,7)","Graph plotter" O"pixel","A dot or PIcture ELement on a TV or VDU (5)","Monitor Screen" \"monitor","A VDU which gives better definition than a TV screen (7)","Video signal" T"bar code","Lines of different widths found on packaged foods. (3,4)","Peripheral" V"modem","An acoustic coupler is one example of this peripheral (5)","PRESTEL" W"micr","A device used to read the account number on cheques (4)","magnetic ink" T"line","A printer which has a cylinder with rows of characters on (4)","Printer" T"ink jet","A printer which fires a fine stream of ink at paper (3,3)","Printer" S"laser","A very fast printer which uses light sensitive paper (5)","xerographic" ڳ"ocr","A document reader that scans the paper with a beam of light","Character recognition","cpu","Part of the computer which controls all peripherals (3)","Peripheral"  "*","*","*" W"interpreter","A program that carries out a program one line at a time","compiler" T"instruction","A register that stores the present program command (11)","CPU" X"address bus","Carries signals to select a particular storage location(7,3)","Bus" Q"accumulator","A register that stores answers to calculations (11)","Register" X"control unit","This makes each part of the computer work in sequence (7,4)","CPU" b"microprocessor","6502, Z80, Z80A, 6809, 6800, 8088 are all examples of this","microcomputer" V"peripheral","A device connected to and controlled by the CPU (10)","Page 148" Q"immediate","A memory store where data can beaccessed inside the CPU (9)","CPU" V"output","Peripherals that display the results of the computers' work","Computer" G"input","Peripherals that supply data to the computer (5)","Computer" G"address","A label that identifies a memory location (7)","Bus" Q"register","A store location used for a definite purpose (8)","Accumulator" O"data bus","Carries information from the CPUto storage locations (4,3)","Bus" Z"compiler","A program that converts another program into machine code (8)","Interpreter" P"alu","The part of the computer where calculations are carried out (3)","CPU" S"clock","A quartz crystal that sends timing signals to the CPU (5)","astable" S"bus","A set of wires along which signals travel in parallel (3)","Address" T"cpu","Where the manipulation of data takes place inside the computer","Computer"  "*","*","*" d"source program","A program that has to be changedby the computer before use (6,7)","Machine code" `"subroutine","A section of a program that does a specific task (10)","Structured programs" V"flowchart","A set of shapes that show the order of a se of events (9)","Top down" R"algorithm","A set of instructions which solve a given program (9)","Page 7" T"assembler","Converts assembly language into machine code (9)","Assembly language" S"bubble sort","A simple way of arranging data items into order (6,4)","Page 182" X"interpreter","Carries out one line of a high level language program (11)","Compiler" `"machine code","The language the computer uses. Usually in binary (7,4)","Low level language" ["high level","A language where one instructionequals several machine code ones","FORTRAN" c"low level","A language that is easily converted to machine code (3,5)","Assembly language" b"cobol","Common business oriented language - used commercially (5)","High level language" S"fortran","A language used for formula translation (7)","High level language" M"pascal","A high level language named after a Frenchman (6)","Language" V"basic","Beginners All Symbolic Instruction Code (5)","High level language" Y"procedure","A subroutine called by name and having its own variables (9)","Subroutine" T"program","A set of instructions which the computer carries out (7)","Instruction" V"syntax","The rules that computer instructions must folow (6)","Instruction" 9"nested loop","A loop inside another loop (6,4)","Loop" Z"compiler","Converts high level language to low level or machine code (8)","Interpreter"  "*","*","*" Z"nonequivalence","Another name for an exclusive-orgate. Often called NEQ (14)","OR gate" ]"inclusive or","A logic gate with an output of 1if one or BOTH inputs is 1 (9,2)","OR gate" Z"fixed point","Arithmetic where the point is inthe correct place (5,5)","Floating point" X"hexadecimal","A number system using the digits0 to 9 and A B C D E F (11)","Binary" _"exclusive or","A logic gate with an output of 1if only ONE input is 1 (9,2)","Logic circuit"  ]"truth table","A diagram showing the changes carried out by logic gates (5,5)","AND gate"  ^"half adder","A logic circuit used to add two binary digits together (4,6)","Logic circuits"  ["logic gates","AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR, NEQ are examples of these (5,5)","Truth table"  ["inverter","Another name for a NOT gate because of its action on signals","NAND gate"  Y"complement","Two's .......... is one way of holding -ve numbers in binary","Negation" T"sign bit","A bit used to indicate if a number is -ve or +ve (4,3)","Page 178" >"octal","Base 8 numbering system (5)","Hexadecimal notation" ]"floating point","Numbers stored in the form of mantissa and operand (8,5)","Fixed point" V"or","A gate which gives an output of 1 if an input is 1 (2)","Non-equivalence gate" "and","A logic gate with an output of 1if BOTH inputs are 1 (3)","NOT gate","nand","A logic gate which is the same as a NOT-AND combination (4)","Logic circuits" +"not","An inverter gate. (3)","Inverter" "binary","A number system using the two digits 0 and 1 only. (6)","Denary","denary","A number system using the numbers 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 (6)","Binary" H"overflow","When a number is too large to be stored (8)","underflow" H"uncommitted","ULA is short for ........... logic array (11)","ULA"  "*","*","*" a"multiaccess","Many terminals connected to one computer sharing memory etc (11)","Time sharing" Q"response time","The time taken for the computer to answer (7,4)","Access time" W"operating","The ......... system supervises the running of other programs(9)","CP/M" W"network","A ring which allows many micros to share backing store etc (7)","Page 128" c"real time","A system which accepts data and is updated its immediately (4,4)","Batch processing" a"time sharing","Where independant terminals get a small amount of cpu time (4,7)","Multiaccess" ^"multiplexor","A device which controls data transmission between terminals","Multiaccess" Y"text editor","This is used to alter data that has been typed in (4,6)","Screen editor"  \"point of sale","The terminal where stock recordsare updated in a shop (5,2,4)","Terminal" !X"monitor","Part of an operating system thatchecks on what is happening (7)","Page 121" "L"off line","When a terminal is not connectedto a computer (3,4)","On line" #\"terminal","A peripheral that allows input and output of information (8)","Point of sale" $/"dos","Disk Operating System (3)","Page viii" %O"card reader","A peripheral often used in batchprocessing (4,6)","Peripheral" &O"on line","When a terminal is connected to the maincomputer (2,4)","Off line" '^"batch","..... processing is when a lot of data is entered in one group","Remote Job Entry" (T"system","The ...... is the hardware, software, data and operators","Page 189" + "*","*","*" ? "*","*","*" #( 9100# #)4,0;"This program is designed as a quick test of the common topics in Computing."::"You will be given a list of topics from which to choose." #*>:"For each topic you will be givena number of questions." #+~:"When you complete the test you will be given a list of the programs on this tape that will help in your revision." #,3750::9100# #.J4,0;"If you answer correctly the nextquestion will appear." #2[:"If you get the question wrong you will be given the first letter of the answer." #5_:"If you get the question wrong a second time you will be given a reference to look up in "; #6("the ";:1:"GEM";:0:"." #7c:"The correct answer will be displayed if you get the question wrong a third time."; #8h3750::9100#:4,0;"At the end of the test you will be told how well you did." #9F:"You will also be given some suggestions for further revision" #:12 ,3;"To finish press ";:2:"SYMBOL ";0;"& ";2;"*":13 ,19;"SHIFT ":0 #; # #&1:"Computing Tester":0 # %d+r %& c=1 %+correct=0 %0w$(c),c$(c),r$(c) %5-w$(c,1)="*" c=c-1:9550N% %:c=10 9550N% %Dc=c+1:95200% %N"d$="I'm mixing up the questions" %S 0 %X(e=127:.03{u\,45- %b20,e+1;d$(e) %li=1+(*c) %vj=1+(*c) %h$=w$(i):j$=c$(i):k$=r$(i) %'w$(i)=w$(j):c$(i)=c$(j):r$(i)=r$(j) %w$(j)=h$:c$(j)=j$:r$(j)=k$ %e %H20,0;" ":.1}L,502 % %9100#:2,0;"If you run this program again":3,0;"you will not get exactly the":4,0;"the same set of questions" %[ 2:7,3;"To run this program again":9 ,10 ;"press RUN" %S12 ,3;"To load and run DIAGRAM1":14,10 ;"press NEXT" %17,4;"To load a later program":18,2;"wind on the tape before you":20,10 ;"press NEXT":0 %="r"Ŧ="R":15 &="n"Ŧ="N"9750& & 9720% &=:10 ,2;"Press PLAY on your recorder":"" &G &I 9806N& &J=a=112 :s$:n=07:b:s$+n,b:n:a &NY"a",0,0,0,16,32 ,112p,72H,112p:subscript 6 &OY"b",0,0,0,120x,64@,112p,8,112p:subscript 5 &PX"c",0,0,0,64@,80P,120x,16,16:subscript 4 &QY"d",0,0,0,112p,16,32 ,16,112p:subscript 3 &RY"e",0,0,0,480,72H,16,32 ,120x: subscript 2 &SV"f",0,0,120x,0,0,0,0,0:superscript - &TZ"g",16,16,124|,16,16,0,0,0:superscript + &UW"h",12 ,18,4,8,30,0,0,0:superscript 2 &VV"i",14,2,4,2,14,0,0,0:superscript 3 &We"p",255,129,129,129,129,129,129,255:empty grid box &XK"j",0,24,24,24,90Z,60<,24,0 &YI"k",0,8,4,126~,126~,4,8,0 &FC$(20,100d):R$(20,20):B$(25,20) &W$(20,16) & L A DIAGRAM1 ֖ ǔ}X ؖ =::7:0:a(20):b(20):l(20) <f=0:n=1:f1=0:f2=0:f3=0:t1=0:r1=5000:c1=0.002xn:v=0:nh=0:nd=2800 :nm=2805 BPy$="I'm doing some sorting":b$=" ":a$=b$:l$=b$ + 400 ,+i=0159:row:"a"+i,row:i: @16,568,84T,146,16,16,16,16,16,16,16,16,146,84T,568,16,0,8,4,2,255,2,4,8,16,32 ,64@,255,64@,32 ,16,0,63?,3,5,9 ,17,33!,64@,128,128,64@,33!,17,9 ,5,3,63? L&252,192,160,144,136,132,2,1,1,2,132,136,144,160,192,252,0,0,0,480,72H,16,32 ,120x,0,0,0,112p,16,32 ,16,112p V[0,0,24,0,255,0,24,0,0,0,0,64@,80P,120x,16,16,0,0,0,120x,64@,112p,8,112p,0,0,0,16,32 ,112p,72H,112p,0,0,0,120x,0,0,0,0 ^a255,129,129,129,129,129,129,255,16,16,124|,16,16,0,0,0,12 ,18,4,8,30,0,0,0,14,2,4,2,14,0,0,0,1,2,2,4,132,72H,40(,16 a:1:"Diagrams and ideas in Computing";2,0;"Part 1  Collins 1985" Z2:12 ,0;"Press STOP on your tape recorder":0:1800: i3:4,25:0,116t:180,0:0,-116t:-180,0 0:6,1;"This program revises";7,1;"your knowledge of";8,1;"diagrams and how they";9 ,1;"link with ideas.";10 ,1;"You can select";11 ,1;"from several topics." 12 ,1;"For each topic you";13 ,1;"can choose either to";14,1;"have the topic";15,1;"explained or you can";16,1;"choose from two types";17,1;"of test." 4320@:300,:.1}L,0:1800  :449 &2:192,84T,60< 4,23;"If";5,21;"you get";6,20;"a part";7,19;"wrong you ";8,18;"are told why" 9 ,17;"it is wrong, ";10 ,17;"sometimes with";11 ,17;"a reference to";12 ,18;"the GEM. You";13 ,18;"will get ";14,19;"another go";15,21;"later."  454 >18,7;" ":4:64@,112p,60< 1,6;"Each";2,5;"topic";3,4;"continues";4,3;"until you";5,2;"have got all";6,2;"the parts";7,2;"correct, but" 8,2;"you can stop";9 ,2;"at any time";10 ,3;"by pressing";4;0;11 ,4;"symbol";12 ,3;"shift and";13 ,7;"*":7  442 '.1}L,0:0:1800  mn=1:x$=" ":3000 c$="*"400 v>96`nn=v-96` v<96`nn=v-64@  nn=54500  f=1 25000+(nn-1)*100d:x$:700 !0:mn=2:3000 v=101e4500  lf=1 c$="*"490 =c$="a"c$="A"lf=0:2000:600X:530 2c$="b"c$="B"2000:2300:530 2c$="c"c$="C"2000:1500:530 c$="d"c$="D"490 X(ml=7000X+(n-1)*502:ml b#8000@+(n-1)*502: "pap,ink,bor,c$,c$,v,v,v$,v,c$,c$ B:0:6:0,16-(x$/2);x$:0  800 : !7:" ":" "; "6:0 #5"INFORMATION ABOUT THE TOPIC":7:0:"" $v$ &6v$="*"7:0:" ":1800:8204 (v$:804$ 4 :pap:3:7:ink:  :5 72:1,(16-h$/2);h$:0 8,1;"Well done. You have got all";10 ,1;"questions in the section";12 ,1;"CORRECT.";1;14,1;"Now try another topic":0 #i=015:.1}L,i:i  1800:7:490  k=1q 2(5000+(n-1)*100d)+30+a(k) l$,ar,l,c,wq,a$ '6:l,c;(64@+k);:7  l(a(k))=k k .5,0:1800  c$=  c$01545  k=1:t=0:nq=l(k) 1 (5000+(n-1)*100d)+30+nq "l$,ar,l,c,wq,a$ $$9000(#+(n-1)*502+nq ' 2450 (d1:19,2;"Press the ";:6:0:"LETTER";:7:1:" by the" ,a1:20,2;g$;" ";:6:21,16-(l$)/2;l$;:7:ink 1 c$="":c$= 6c$=015851 ;c$="*"490 = 2450 @7c$=(64@+l(nq))c$=(96`+l(nq))1650r J. 2:20,2;"WRONG ";:ink:20,10 ;"It was ";(64@+l(nq));:1:l,c;(64@+l(nq)):0:0.5,-12 :b=2:1800:2450 :6:0:2470 :7:7:2:l,c;(64@+l(nq)):0:7:2450 T 1670 r4:21,1;" RIGHT";:ink:t=t+1:b(k)=0:22-t,0;"";:0.5,12 :b=4:6:0:l,c;"":7:1850: st=q1700 w 1670  k=k+1 wq=01675 'b(k)=0k=k+1:1675  1677 k>qk=1:1673  1673 nq=l(k):1562  1000  221,8;"Press SPACE to continue";  c$="":c$= c$01805  c$= c$="*" f=1490 c$=" "1830& ! 1810 &c$= (c$01830& * 0: :: X&21,18;"Press SPACE" Zc$= \c$="*"490 ^ c$=" " ` 1882Z =n=nn:dl=(5000+(n-1)*100d):dl:nh=2 gh$,pap,ink,bor,m$,n$::6:0:bor:0,(16-(h$)/2);h$;:pap:ink:x$=h$ b,e,t$,zl,f$,g$:i=0 =nh=dl+3:4,0;" ":lf=12200    t=0 K6:0:0,(16-(h$)/2);h$;:7:0 U6:i=1q:22-i,0;"";:i:22-i,0;"":7 |2450 :6:19,2;b$:20,2;b$:19,2;m$:20,2;n$:7 2020:  2850" c$ c$="*"21004 c$="p"p:p c$="i"i:i c$="l"2500 c$="t"2700 c$="d"2090*  c$="c"2600(  c$="a"2820 c$="x"2810 c$="h"lf=0nh: c$="h"lf=1nh c$= c$="*"490  2020 *x=a:y=b:a,b ,x,y .1;a-x,b-y: > -(5000+(n-1)*100d)+31 >2,9 ;"Here is a list of the";3,9 ;t$ " "  q=0 l$ l$="*"2250 1:" ";l$:ink ar,x,y,nq,a$ q=q+1:a(q)=q q=141800::" "  2210 r=(*65536)+1 r 21,0;" "; i=1̱y$:y$(i); j=12 x=(*(e-b))+b y=(*(e-b))+b h=a(x):a(x)=a(y):a(y)=h j:.05|L,(-10 +i):i 9i=1q:b(i)=1:i:i=1q:l(a(i))=i:i 20:2450  1800 ,(5000+(n-1)*100d)+3  2010 .2~L,0:1800  k=1:nq=a(k):2450 @a$="*"1:19,2;"Type in the whole answer": 7:0:19,2;"Type the first ";zl;" character(s) ";:20,2;b$:20,2;f$:0:7 0(5000+(n-1)*100d)+30+nq 21,1;b$ l$,ar,l,c,wq,a$ % 9000(#+(n-1)*502+nq w$="" I1:6:1:l,c;:2900T :7:0:0 j=1zl 2410j :.1}L,10 )6:21,2;w$;:7 j  25 0:l,c;" ";:i=1 !i>a$2450 :2343' $/w$=a$(ii+zl-1)2450 :2350. &i=i+zl:2337! )Q2450 :0:2:l,c;"":2:21,2;"WRONG ";:0:0.5,-12 :1800:6:9000(#+(nn-1)*502+nq:2470 :2450 :6:19,7;"The correct answer was":20,16-(l$/2);l$;:7:0:b=2:1800:2450 + 2370B .6:1:20,2;l$;:7:4:21,2;"RIGHT":ink:6:l,c;"":7:b(k)=0:21-t,0;"";:t=t+1:0.5,12 :b=4:1800 /t=q2400` 3 2370B Bk=k+1:0 Cwq=02373E D b=2k=l(wq):2385Q Ek>qk=1 F'b(k)=0k=k+1:2373E Gnq=a(k):2305 Q( b(k)=0k=k+1:2373E R 2375G ` 1000 nc$= o&c$=0ůc$=13 2410j pc$="*"530 qdc$=12 (c$=13 j9 sp=1:3110& " sp=0 &#3500 +(mn-1)*100d + 1 ,.x$" " 0,16-(x$/2);x$ .h$ 02,2;h$ 6n=1:m=1 8h$ :h$="*"3200 D1:7 N%(3+n),2;(64@+m); X7:0 b(3+n),4;h$ l%sp=1n=n+1:3190v q n=n+2 v m=m+1 { 31288 >"":" ";:1:"Press a LETTER to choose";:7 v$:v$=" "3210 (1:7:18,0;v$ v$:19,0;v$ 0v$:20,0;v$:7:0 0:7 c$="":c$= c$="*"4500 v=(c$) 'v>64@v<(64@+m)3800 'v>96`v<(96`+m)3800 3210 "DIAGRAMS & IDEAS IN COMPUTING","Block diagram of a computer","Flowchart symbols","Input devices & media","Storage devices & media","Finish using the program","*" " "," "," " "CHOOSE FROM THIS LIST","Explanation","Do you know the names","Can you recognise the items","Choose another TOPIC","Finish using the program","*" $r"Remember that pressing "," symbol shift and * will take ","you back to choose another topic"  :1:0,0;"Computing Diagram1";2;6,3;"To run this program again";8,10 ;"press RUN" R11 ,3;"To load and run DIAGRAM2";13 ,10 ;"press NEXT" 16,0;"To load and run a later program";17,2;"wind on the tape before you";19,10 ;"press NEXT":0 ="r"Ŧ="R":10 ="n"Ŧ="N"4550  4520 ;:10 ,2;"Press PLAY on your recorder":""  7"Block diagram of a computer",7,0,7 "All computers have a central","processor,peripherals & stores",1,10 ,"labels",3,"of the label","label of the" "All computer systems,whether","they are mainframes or micro-","computers have the same basic","structure.","They contain a central processor","an immediate access store,","input & output devices and a","magnetic backing store","*" 9"x",82R,58:,100d,76L,"h",5004 8"x",90Z,66B,20,60<,"h",5005 9"x",90Z,132,20,60<,"h",5006 "l",18,104h,60<,112p,"d",60<,72H,"d",18,72H,"d",18,103g,"l",524,76L,96`,76L,"d",94^,78N,"l",96`,76L,94^,74J,"h",5007 "l",94^,80P,94^,138,"d",92\,136,"l",94^,138,96`,136,"l",96`,82R,94^,80P,"d",92\,82R,"h",5008 >"l",146,76L,188,76L,"d",186,78N,"l",188,76L,186,74J,"l",180,77M,180,112p,"d",216,112p,"d",216,77M,"a",215,77M,198,77M,120x,"a",198,76L,180,75K,-180,"h",5009 "a",109m,480,131,480,-100d,"a",109m,480,131,480,100d,"a",109m,44,,131,44,,100d,"a",109m,32 ,131,32 ,100d,"l",108l,480,108l,32 ,"l",132,480,132,32 ,"l",120x,72H,120x,47/,"d",118v,491,"l",120x,47/,122z,491,"l",118v,70F,120x,72H,"d",122z,70F,"h",5010 "l",128,136,128,110n,"d",126~,112p,"l",128,110n,130,112p,"l",126~,134,128,136,"d",130,134,"l",128,104h,128,80P,"d",126~,82R,"l",128,80P,130,82R,"l",126~,102f,128,104h,"d",130,102f,"x",100d,100d,20,40(,"h",5011  "l",116t,120x,116t,124|,"l",116t,128,116t,132,"l",116t,136,116t,140,"l",116t,99c,116t,95_,"l",116t,91[,116t,87W,"l",116t,83S,116t,79O,"l",141,108l,146,108l,"l",150,108l,154,108l,"l",158,108l,162,108l,"l",166,108l,170,108l,"l",174,108l,178,108l,"l",182,108l,186,108l  "l",99c,108l,96`,108l,"l",91[,108l,87W,108l,"l",83S,108l,79O,108l,"l",75K,108l,71G,108l,"l",67C,108l,63?,108l,"l",59;,108l,557,108l 8"l",76L,107k,76L,104h,"l",76L,100d,76L,96`,"l",76L,92\,76L,88X,"l",76L,84T,76L,80P,"l",76L,74J,76L,72H,"l",76L,68D,76L,64@,"l",76L,60<,76L,568,"l",76L,524,76L,480,"l",76L,44,,76L,40(,"l",77M,40(,80P,40(,"l",84T,40(,88X,40(,"l",92\,40(,96`,40(,"l",100d,40(,104h,40(,"l",108l,40(,112p,40( "h",5014 "h",5030 F"l",159,148,167,148,"t",3,21,"?" "l",75K,568,64@,491,"l",164,75K,175,64@,"t",14,22,"?","t",16,7,"?" "*" F"Input device eg keyboard",9 ,10 ,4,0,"inpkey" 7"Control path",9 ,16,7,0,"con" N"Arithmetic & Logic unit (ALU)",9 ,4,13 ,0,"arilogalu" 7"Control unit",9 ,8,14,0,"con" K"Immediate access store",9 ,12 ,13 ,0,"iasimmcormem" B"Backing store",9 ,17,14,0,"bacauxmagsto" G"Data or information flow",9 ,14,22,0,"datinf" I"Output device eg printer",9 ,9 ,24,0,"outpridoc" J"Central processor unit (CPU)",9 ,3,21,0,"cpucen" "*" -"Flowchart symbols",7,0,7 u"These symbols are commonly","used in flowcharts",1,15,"symbols",3,"of the symbol","symbol for a" :"A flowchart enables programmers","to sort out their ideas and make","sure that the program steps are","in the right order.","Symbols are used to represent","various items.","A systems flowchart shows how","the data will be used in the","computer.","A program flowchart shows how","the actual program works.","*"  "i",1,"x",20,130,18,30,"l",36$,154,36$,149,"d",34",151,"l",36$,149,38&,151,"l",36$,129,36$,124|,"d",34",126~,"l",36$,124|,38&,126~ L"x",36$,98b,18,30,"l",39',99c,39',115s,"l",63?,99c,63?,115s,"l",524,122z,524,117u,"d",502,119w,"l",524,117u,546,119w,"l",524,97a,524,92\,"d",502,94^,"l",524,92\,546,94^ "c",524,68D,8,"l",524,82R,524,77M,"d",502,79O,"l",524,77M,546,79O 2"l",98b,146,118v,146,"l",98b,134,118v,134,"a",97a,146,97a,134,210,"a",119w,146,119w,134,-210,"l",108l,154,108l,147,"d",106j,149,"l",108l,147,110n,149 ."l",98b,114r,118v,114r,"l",98b,102f,118v,102f,"a",97a,114r,97a,102f,210,"a",119w,114r,119w,102f,-210,"l",108l,101e,108l,93],"d",106j,95_,"l",108l,93],110n,95_ A"l",88X,68D,116t,68D,"d",112p,524,"d",84T,524,"d",88X,68D,"l",100d,76L,100d,69E,"d",98b,71G,"l",100d,69E,102f,71G,"l",100d,513,100d,44,,"d",98b,46.,"l",100d,44,,102f,46. "l",164,148,178,140,"d",164,132,"d",150,140,"d",163,148,"l",164,154,164,149,"d",162,151,"l",164,149,166,151,"l",179,140,184,140,"d",184,134,"d",182,136,"l",184,134,186,136,"l",149,140,144,140,"d",144,134,"d",142,136,"l",144,134,146,136 "l",174,502,186,502,"d",186,40(,"d",180,36$,"d",174,40(,"d",174,491,"l",180,58:,180,513,"d",178,535,"l",180,513,182,535,"h",5111 w"i",0,"l",32 ,480,62>,524,"d",62>,38&,"d",32 ,38&,"d",32 ,47/ "l",204,58:,232,58:,"d",232,44,,"d",200,44,,"d",200,546,"d",203,58: "c",212,84T,10 ,"l",215,74J,232,74J,"d",230,76L,"l",232,74J,230,72H 2"l",202,138,202,112p,"l",222,138,222,112p,"a",202,138,222,138,100d,"a",202,138,222,138,-100d,"a",202,132,222,132,100d,"a",202,112p,222,112p,100d "l",152,58:,152,72H,"d",176,72H,"d",176,64@,"a",152,58:,164,60<,70F,"a",164,60<,176,64@,-70F "l",172,106j,162,106j,"l",172,92\,162,92\,"a",172,106j,172,92\,-70F,"a",162,106j,150,100d,502,"a",162,92\,150,100d,-502 #"l",120x,502,120x,36$,"l",148,502,148,36$,"a",120x,502,134,502,60<,"a",134,502,148,502,-60<,"a",120x,36$,134,36$,60<,"a",134,36$,148,36$,-60< "h",5125 "h",5229m "h",5126 "*"  A"Process (action) box",9 ,4,4,0,"proact"  E"Predefined process",9 ,8,6,0,"preprosubfun"  7"Connector",9 ,13 ,6,0,"conon " J"Terminal box - stop",9 ,4,13 ,0,"stoendfinterret" E"Terminal box - start",9 ,8,13 ,0,"stabegter" ?"Input/Output box",9 ,14,12 ,0,"inpout" 3"Keyboard",9 ,16,6,0,"key" ;"Punched card",9 ,15,26,0,"puncar" <"Magnetic tape",9 ,11 ,26,0,"magtap" D"Magnetic disc",9 ,6,26,0,"magdiswinharflo" H"Printed output (document)",9 ,13 ,20,0,"pridoc" M"Visual display unit",9 ,9 ,20,0,"VisVDUscrvdumontv " 7"Decision box",9 ,4,20,0,"dec" >"Off page connector",9 ,16,22,0,"off" 6"Paper tape",9 ,16,17,0,"pap" "*" P3"Input devices and media",7,0,7 Qr"These are examples of input","devices and media",1,6,"labels",2,"of the label","label of the" R"Input devices are machines that","pass data to the CPU of the computer.","The data that these peripherals read is stored on a medium, eg"," "," Paper tape is a medium;"," A paper tape reader is an"," input device or peripheral.","*" S"l",16,109m,16,160,"d",568,160,"d",568,116t,"d",16,108l,"c",20,156,1,"c",28,156,1,"c",32 ,156,.8L,"c",36$,156,1,"c",44,,156,1,"c",32 ,152,.8L,"c",20,148,1,"c",32 ,148,.8L,"c",36$,148,1,"c",44,,148,1,"c",524,148,1,"c",32 ,144,.8L,"c",28,140,1,"c",32 ,140,.8L,"c",36$,140,1,"c",32 ,136,.8L,"c",32 ,132,.8L,"h",5204T T"c",20,132,1,"c",24,132,1,"c",28,132,1,"c",36$,132,1,"c",32 ,128,.8L,"c",32 ,124|,.8L,"c",24,124|,1,"c",36$,124|,1,"c",40(,124|,1,"c",524,124|,1,"c",32 ,120x,.8L,"c",32 ,116t,.8L,"c",32 ,112p,.8L Uu"x",12 ,121y,6,480,"l",61=,124|,71G,124|,"t",6,9 ,"?","c",524,148,3,"l",568,148,71G,148,"t",3,9 ,"?","l",39',100d,32 ,100d,"d",32 ,109m,"d",34",107k,"l",32 ,109m,30,107k,"t",9 ,5,"?","h",5206V V"l",96`,136,96`,104h,"d",196,104h,"d",196,144,"d",104h,144,"d",97a,136,"c",122z,138,1,"c",122z,132,1,"c",122z,114r,1,"c",125},135,1,"c",125},122z,1,"c",125},117u,1,"c",128,114r,1,"c",131,132,1,"c",131,108l,1,"c",134,138,1,"c",134,126~,1,"h",5207W W"x",118v,98b,502,20,"l",124|,97a,124|,96`,"t",10 ,15,"?","l",198,148,200,148,"d",200,102f,"d",198,102f,"l",201,124|,207,124|,"t",6,26,"12 ?","l",96`,147,96`,150,"d",196,150,"d",196,147,"l",148,150,148,152,"t",2,18,"80 ?" X"l",16,87W,18,87W,"d",18,83S,"l",16,82R,20,82R,"l",16,81Q,20,81Q,"l",16,80P,20,80P,"l",24,87W,28,87W,"d",28,84T,"d",24,84T,"d",24,80P,"d",28,80P,"l",32 ,87W,36$,87W,"d",36$,80P,"d",32 ,80P,"l",32 ,84T,35#,84T,"l",37%,84T,37%,80P,"l",38&,84T,38&,80P,"l",40(,85U,40(,81Q,"l",42*,85U,42*,81Q,"l",44,,87W,44,,83S,"l",45-,83S,45-,87W,"l",46.,87W,46.,83S,"h",5209Y Y"t",11 ,6," is an ","t",12 ,2,"example of ?","t",13 ,2,"found on ?","i",2,"x",14,62>,28,100d,"i",0 Z"l",137,87W,137,73I,"l",139,87W,139,73I,"l",141,87W,141,73I,"l",142,87W,142,73I,"l",144,87W,144,73I,"l",146,87W,146,73I,"l",148,87W,148,73I,"l",149,73I,149,87W,"l",150,87W,150,73I,"l",152,87W,152,73I,"h",5211[ ["t",11 ,20,"This is a ?","t",12 ,20,"It is read","t",13 ,20,"by a ?","i",2,"x",132,62>,28,118v \"i",0,"t",15,2,"Punched card and paper tape","t",16,2,"is being replaced by direct","t",17,2,"data entry called ?" ]6"i",2,"x",14,30,28,220 m"h",5230n n"*" o8"Sprocket hole",9 ,9 ,5,0,"spgu" p."Frame",9 ,6,9 ,0,"fr" q<"Parity bit (even)",9 ,3,9 ,0,"paev" r0"Field",9 ,10 ,15,0,"fi" s."Rows",9 ,6,29,0,"ro" t1"Columns",9 ,2,21,0,"co" u2"MICR",9 ,12 ,13 ,0,"mami" v4"Cheques",9 ,13 ,11 ,0,"chba" w8 "Bar code",9 ,11 ,30,0,"baisea" xI"Light pen or Laser Scanner",9 ,13 ,25,0,"lilasc" y<"Key to Disc",9 ,17,20,0,"keditakt" z"*" +"Backing storage",7,0,7 "Data is stored in main memory","and in magnetic backing stores",1,8,"labels",2,"of the label","label of the" 9"When the computer is switched","off, any program or data in its","immediate access memory will be","lost.","A form of long term storage is","needed to store data until it","is needed.","The commonest backing stores are"," "," Magnetic disk drives"," Magnetic tape drives"," Magnetic drum units","*" h"c",44,,130,28,"c",44,,130,8,"c",44,,130,10 ,"c",44,,130,12 ,"c",44,,130,22,"c",44,,130,24,"l",17,130,37%,130,"l",535,130,71G,130,"l",44,,158,44,,139,"l",44,,121y,44,,103g "l",25,111o,39',126~,"l",502,135,64@,148,"l",25,148,39',135,"l",502,126~,64@,111o,"h",5306,"l",68D,150,70F,152,"a",70F,152,78N,130,-45-,"l",78N,130,76L,130,"l",77M,140,79O,140,"t",4,10 ,"?" 6 "l",84T,158,90Z,158,"d",90Z,102f,"d",84T,102f,"l",91[,124|,95_,124|,"t",6,12 ,"?","l",36$,108l,26,97a,"x",14,78N,20,100d,"t",10 ,2,"The 1st ? ","t",11 ,2,"contains a ?" "c",140,144,14,"l",132,150,148,138,"l",140,154,140,134,"a",132,150,140,154,-60<,"l",148,148,132,138,"a",148,148,148,138,-60<,"a",140,134,132,138,-60<,"c",212,144,14,"l",204,148,220,138,"l",204,138,220,148,"l",212,154,212,134,"a",204,138,204,148,-60<,"a",212,154,220,148,-60<,"a",220,138,212,134,-60< "l",154,140,154,100d,"a",154,100d,164,100d,180,"l",164,100d,164,128,"a",164,128,168,132,-90Z,"l",168,132,184,132,"a",184,132,188,128,-90Z,"l",188,128,188,100d,"a",188,100d,198,100d,180,"l",198,100d,198,140 t"l",170,138,182,138,"l",170,137,182,137,"l",170,136,182,136,"l",170,135,182,135,"l",150,124|,150,84T,"d",168,84T,"d",168,124|,"l",184,124|,184,84T,"d",202,84T,"d",202,124|,"h",5310 o "l",176,139,172,143,"t",3,21,"?","l",199,116t,207,116t,"t",7,26,"?","l",203,92\,207,92\,"t",10 ,26,"?","l",228,160,236,160,"d",236,84T,"d",228,84T,"l",237,124|,239,124|,"t",6,30,"?"  "t",15,2,"","t",14,6,"","t",15,6,"","t",16,6,"","t",14,13 ,"","t",14,20,"","t",15,13 ,"","t",15,20,"","t",16,13 ,"","t",16,20,"","l",188,60<,28,60<,"d",28,43+,"d",188,43+,"l",80P,59;,80P,44,,"l",136,59;,136,44,,"h",5312 R"t",15,5,"?","t",15,7,"?1","t",15,11 ,"2","t",15,15,"3","t",15,18,"4","t",17,13 ,"","t",18,13 ,"?","l",114r,40(,114r,38&,"d",158,38&,"d",158,40(,"l",132,37%,132,32 ,"t",18,16,"?" "h",5329 "h",5330 "*" 0"Sector",9 ,4,10 ,0,"se" A"Magnetic disk",9 ,6,12 ,0,"madihawiflmi" 0"Track",9 ,10 ,10 ,0,"tr" 6"Directory",9 ,11 ,13 ,0,"dica" ="Read/Write head",9 ,3,21,0,"rewrhe" 9"Magnetic tape",9 ,7,26,0,"mata" ="Vacuum tensioner",9 ,10 ,26,0,"vate" C"Magnetic tape drive",9 ,6,30,0,"matadrst" 4"Header",9 ,15,5,0,"hefina" 0"Record",9 ,15,7,0,"re" 0"Block",9 ,18,16,0,"bl" ;"Interblock gap",9 ,18,13 ,0,"inga" "*" X32,"This is the main unit of the","computer" Y;2,"This unit stores instructions","and information" Z02,"This unit does all the","calculating" 2,"This is a device for supplying","information to the computer" \;2,"Data will be passed around the","processor unit" ]@2,"Data will have to be supplied","to the outside world" ^A2,"Data may be sent to, or taken","from a magnetic store" _42,"Information passes to & from","this unit" `H2,"This unit makes sure that all","other units work in sequence" a'1,"The outline is now complete" A2,"Symbols drawn in blue are","program flowchart symbols" B2,"Symbols drawn in black are","systems flowchart symbols" '1,"The outline is now complete" 12,"Paper tape is a non-magnetic","medium" <2,"There are usually eight tracks","across the tape" ;2,"Punched cards are another","non-magnetic medium" G 2,"This input medium allows you","& the computer to read data" :2,"These are very common on","packaged food items" C2,"Direct data entry is a rapid","method of inputting data" '1,"The outline is now complete" K2,"The commonest backing store in","use today is the magnetic disk" F2,"Magnetic tape is commonly used","to back up magnetic disks" B2,"Magnetic tape is most useful","for serial access files" '1,"The outline is now complete" @$e=19 :nd:nm:e:nm: r$e=12:nd:nm:e:nm: $e=16:nd:nm:e:nm: $e=13:nd:nm:e:nm: #)A2,"Any peripheral that supplies","information to the CPU" #*J2,"These are connections between","the control unit & other units" #+12,"All calculations are performed","here" #,H2,"This unit makes sure that the","other units work in sequence" #-52,"This stores the data and","program in use" #.<2,"This is where large amounts of","data are stored" #/G2,"This shows the path that data","follows around the computer" #0@2,"Any peripheral that displays","or prints information" #1J2,"This comprises the ALU,control","unit & immediate access store" #[C2,"A process will be performed,","eg arithmetic or sorting" #\@2,"A group of operations that","are explained elsewhere" #]<2,"This joins two parts of the","flowchart together" #^@2,"This box will be found at the","end of the flowchart" #_F2,"This box will be found at the","beginning of the flowchart" #`I2,"This shows where data is put","into or taken from the program" #aA2,"The main method of inputting","data into the computer" #b32,"A non magnetic method of","data storage" #cG2,"A magnetic data storage often","used as a back up for disks" #d92,"The commonest form of magnetic","data storage" #e@2,"This box indicates that hard","copy will be produced" #f72,"Information will be displayed","on a screen" #g?2,"A branch in the program is","possible at this point" #hG2,"This connects parts of the","flowchart from different pages" #i32,"A non magnetic method of","data storage" #j"*" #?2,"These are used to guide the","tape through a reader" #=2,"This row of holes is the","code for one character" #C2,"This bit checks that the tape","has been read correctly" #I2,"This is an item of data on the","card eg a name or an address" #-2,"Look up PUNCHED CARD in the","GEM" #-2,"Look up PUNCHED CARD in the","GEM" #I2,"These are used on forms which","can be read by machines & you" #-2,"Look up MAGNETIC INK in the","GEM" #72,"There are used at point of","sale terminals" #'1,"Look up BAR CODE in the GEM" #H 2,"Data is sent from a keyboard","directly to a magnetic store" ##1,"Look up DISK in the GEM" #,2,"Look up MINI-FLOPPY in the","GEM" #,2,"Look up MINI-FLOPPY in the","GEM" #D2,"It contains a list of the","files & programs on the disk" #;2,"These put the data on the","tape & also read it" #?2,"This is often used to make","back up security files" #B2,"This stops the tape stretching","when stopped suddenly" #72,"This device is used to read","magnetic tape" #&1,"This contains the filename" #E2,"A number of related fields","eg name address phone number" #J2,"The amount of data that can be","transfered to the CPU in 1 go" #42,"This allows the tape to stop","and start" gggfnxnv YI'm doing some sortingB A L C G DIAGRAM2 h,@7:0:7:b$=" " f=0:6800 :7:7:0 n=1 f=0 2 a(20) 4 b(20) 5 l(20) <$f1=0:f2=0:f3=0 > v=0 ? nh=0 @!y$="I'm doing some sorting" B%b$=" " Ca$=b$ Dl$=b$ znm=2805 :nd=2800 + 400 ,a=16 .z$ 0&i=07:row:z$+i,row:i 2a NG"h",0,0,0,0,0,0,0,126~ PF"i",0,0,0,0,0,0,0,75K ^U"p",255,129,129,129,129,129,129,255 dI"c",0,16,8,4,254,4,8,16 eG"d",0,0,8,4,254,4,8,0 fJ"t",1,2,2,4,132,72H,40(,16 h  6700, i3:4,25:0,116t:180,0:0,-116t:-180,0 20:6,1;"This program revises" &7,1;"your knowledge of" 8,1;"diagrams and how they":9 ,1;"link with ideas.":10 ,1;"You can select":11 ,1;"from several topics." 12 ,1;"For each topic you":13 ,1;"can choose either to":14,1;"have the topic":15,1;"explained or you can":16,1;"choose from two types":17,1;"of test." B320@:300,:.1}L,20:1800::449 &2:192,84T,60< 4,23;"If":5,21;"you get":6,20;"a part":7,19;"wrong you ":8,18;"are told why" 9 ,17;"it is wrong, ":10 ,17;"sometimes with":11 ,17;"a reference to":12 ,18;"the GEM. You":13 ,18;"will get ":14,19;"another go":15,21;"later."  454 >18,7;" ":4:64@,112p,60< 1,6;"Each":2,5;"topic":3,4;"continues":4,3;"until you":5,2;"have got all":6,2;"the parts":7,2;"correct, but" 8,2;"you can stop":9 ,2;"at any time":10 ,3;"by pressing":4:0:11 ,4;"symbol":12 ,3;"shift and":13 ,7;"*":7  442 )0.1}L,20:0:1800  mn=1 x$=" ":3000 c$="*"400 v>96`nn=v-96` v<96`nn=v-64@  nn=56900  f=1 25000+(nn-1)*100d:x$:700 !0:mn=2:3000 v=101e6900  lf=1 c$="*"490 =c$="a"c$="A"lf=0:2000:600X:530 2c$="b"c$="B"2000:2300:530 2c$="c"c$="C"2000:1500:530 c$="d"c$="D"490 X(ml=7000X+(n-1)*502:ml b#8000@+(n-1)*502: "pap,ink,bor,c$,c$,v,v,v$,v,c$,c$ B:0:6:0,16-(x$/2);x$:0  800 : !7:" ":" "; "6:0 #5"INFORMATION ABOUT THE TOPIC":7:0:"" $v$ &6v$="*"7:0:" ":1800:8204 (v$:804$ 4 :pap:3:7:ink:  :5 72:1,(16-h$/2);h$:0 8,1;"Well done. You have got all":10 ,1;"questions in the section":12 ,1;"CORRECT.":1:14,1;"Now try another topic":0 $i=015:0.1}L,i:i  1800:7:490  k=1q 2(5000+(n-1)*100d)+30+a(k) l$,ar,l,c,wq,a$ '6:l,c;(64@+k);:7  l(a(k))=k k 0.5,0:1800  c$="":c$=  c$01545  k=1:t=0:nq=l(k) 1 (5000+(n-1)*100d)+30+nq "l$,ar,l,c,wq,a$ $$9000(#+(n-1)*502+nq ' 2450 (d1:19,2;"Press the ";:6:0:"LETTER";:7:1:" by the" ,a1:20,2;g$;" ";:6:21,16-(l$)/2;l$;:7:ink 1 c$="":c$= 6c$=015851 ;c$="*"490 = 2450 @7c$=(64@+l(nq))c$=(96`+l(nq))1650r J. 2:20,2;"WRONG ";:ink:20,10 ;"It was ";(64@+l(nq));:1:l,c;(64@+l(nq)):0:0.5,-12 :b=2:1800:2450 :6:0:2470 :7:7:2:l,c;(64@+l(nq)):0:7:2450 T 1670 r4:21,1;" RIGHT";:ink:t=t+1:b(k)=0:22-t,0;"";:0.5,12 :b=4:6:0:l,c;"":7:1800 st=q1700 w 1670  k=k+1 wq=01675 'b(k)=0k=k+1:1675  1677 k>qk=1:1673  1673 nq=l(k):1562  1000  221,8;"Press SPACE to continue";  c$="":c$= c$01805   c$="":c$= c$=""1810 c$="*" f=1490 c$=" "1830& ! 1810 & c$="":c$= (c$01830& *!0:21,2;b$: X&21,18;"Press SPACE" Z c$="":c$= \c$="*"start ^ c$=" " ` 1882Z =n=nn:dl=(5000+(n-1)*100d):dl:nh=2 gh$,pap,ink,bor,m$,n$::6:0:bor:0,(16-(h$)/2);h$;:pap:ink:x$=h$ b,e,t$,zl,f$,g$:i=0 =nh=dl+3:4,0;" ":lf=12200    t=0 K6:0:0,(16-(h$)/2);h$;:7:0 U6:i=1q:22-i,0;"";:i:22-i,0;"":7 |1800:6:19,2;b$:20,2;b$:19,2;m$:20,2;n$:7 2020:  2850" c$ c$="*"21004 c$="p"2080  c$="i"2290 c$="l"2500 c$="t"2700 c$="d"2090*  c$="c"2600(  c$="a"2820 c$="s"2650Z c$="b"2750 c$="x"2810 c$="h"lf=0nh: c$="h"lf=1nh c$= c$="*"490  2020  p:p: *x=a:y=b:a,b ,x,y .1;a-x,b-y: > -(5000+(n-1)*100d)+31 @2,9 ;"Here is a list of the";:3,9 ;t$ " "  q=0 l$ l$="*"2250 1:" ";l$:ink ar,x,y,nq,a$ q=q+1:a(q)=q q=141800::" "  2210 r=(*65536)+1 r 21,0;" "; i=1̱y$:y$(i); j=12 x=(*(e-b))+b y=(*(e-b))+b h=a(x):a(x)=a(y):a(y)=h  j:0.05|L,(-10 +i):i 9i=1q:b(i)=1:i:i=1q:l(a(i))=i:i  2450  1800 ,(5000+(n-1)*100d)+3  2010 i:i: 0.2~L,0:1800  k=1:nq=a(k):2450 @a$="*"1:19,2;"Type in the whole answer": 7:0:19,2;"Type the first ";zl;" character(s) ";:20,2;b$:20,2;f$:0:7 0(5000+(n-1)*100d)+30+nq 21,1;b$ l$,ar,l,c,wq,a$ % 9000(#+(n-1)*502+nq w$="" I1:6:1:l,c;:2900T :7:0:0 j=1zl  2410j :0.1}L,10 )6:21,2;w$;:7 j  25 0:l,c;" ";:i=1 !i>a$2450 :2343' $0 w$=a$(ii+zl-1)2450 :2350. &i=i+zl:2337! )m2450 :0:2:l,c;"":2:21,2;"WRONG ";:0:0.5,-12 :1800:6:9000(#+(nn-1)*502+nq:2470 :2450 :6:19,2;b$:20,2;b$:19,2;"The correct answer was":20,2;l$;:7:0:b=2:1800:2450 + 2370B .6:1:20,2;l$;:7:4:21,2;"RIGHT":ink:6:l,c;"":7:b(k)=0:21-t,0;"";:t=t+1:0.5,12 :b=4:1800 /t=q2400` 3 2370B Bk=k+1:0 Cwq=02373E D b=2k=l(wq):2385Q Ek>qk=1 F'b(k)=0k=k+1:2373E Gnq=a(k):2305 Q( b(k)=0k=k+1:2373E R 2375G ` 1000 j n c$="":c$= oc$=""2414n pc$="*"530 qfc$=12 (c$=13 jzl)w$="":21,2;" ":.03{u\,45-:2325 r(c$)<65A2420t s&(c$)<97ac$=((c$)+32 ) t w$=w$+c$ y c$="":c$= {c$="*"530 ~ c$="" 2425y 19,2;b$; 20,2;b$; 21,2;b$;  >6:19,2;b$:20,2;b$:7 0:nl nl=07:  m6:nl=3w$:19,2;"Look up this GEM reference..":20,2;w$:2488 w$:19,2;w$; nl=12488 w$:20,2;w$; *7:0:lf=11800  x,y,a,b x,y 1;a-x,b-y  (x,y,r 2x,y,r 7 Zm dp=4000+(m*502) ip n l,c,t$ l,c;t$;  x,y i=-11 j=-11 x+i,y+j j i  421,1;b$:nh:2020:1800: -2450 :ml:2470 :ml=ml+1: x,y,h,w 5x,y:0,h:w,0:0,-h:-w,0:  x,y,w,h,a a=a*/180 x,y:w-x,h-y,a: T1:ar=1"" Uar=2"" Var=3"" War=4"" Xar=5"" Zar=6"" [ar=7"" \ar=8"" ]ar=9 "?" ^ 0: :7 &#3500 +(mn-1)*100d + 1 ,.x$" " 0,16-(x$/2);x$ ./h$:2,2;h$:n=1:m=1 6n=1:m=1 8h$ :h$="*"3200 D1:7 N%(3+n),2;(64@+m); X7:0 b(3+n),4;h$ q n=n+2 v m=m+1 { 31288 >"":" ";:1:"Press a LETTER to choose";:7 v$:v$=" "3210 (1:7:18,0;v$ v$:19,0;v$ 0v$:20,0;v$:7:0 0:7 c$="":c$= c$="*" v=(c$) 'v>64@v<(64@+m)3800 'v>96`v<(96`+m)3800 3210 #"DIAGRAMS & IDEAS IN COMPUTING" "Output devices and media" "Conveyor belt - flowcharts" "Computer personnel" "History of computing" "Finish using the program" "*" " "," "," " "CHOOSE FROM THIS LIST" "Explanation" "Do you know the names" "Can you recognise the items" "Choose another TOPIC"  "Finish using the program" "*" $r"Remember that pressing "," symbol shift and * will take ","you back to choose another topic"  ̝104h,128:0,4:32 ,0:0,-4:-32 ,0:k=108l1324:k,128:0,4:k Ν104h,136:0,4:32 ,0:0,-4:-32 ,0:k=108l1324:k,136:0,4:k  1:k=12  252480:k,36$:0,120x:k:k=36$15640(:12 ,k:240,0:k:0: 01k=1321482:224,k:k: bVgi,gj:gi,gj:0,2:-2,2:2,-2:2,2: Dgi,gj:gi,gj:0,4:4,-4:0,4: \gi,gj:gi,gj:12 ,8:12 ,-8:-12 ,-8:-12 ,8: `gi,gj:gi,gj:0,10 ,-:16,0:0,-10 ,-:-16,0: *Zgi,gj:gi,gj:0,10 :26,0:0,-10 :-26,0: 4"Output from the computer",7,0,7 y"Try to think of the name of","each output method",1,15,"methods.",3,"of the method.","pictogram for" "There are many devices which are","used to produce the different","types of output needed for the","wide variety of applications","to which computers are now put."," ","You have to name the devices","and methods shown in a set","of pictograms.","*" "s",7,"h",5004 "x",17,129,22,30,"l",18,134,18,144,"a",18,146,24,150,-90Z,"l",24,150,42*,150,"a",42*,150,46.,146,-90Z,"l",46.,146,46.,134,"a",46.,134,42*,130,-90Z,"l",42*,130,22,130,"a",22,130,18,134,-90Z,"h",5005 ("c",80P,140,3,"l",77M,140,70F,140,"x",66B,138,4,4,"l",80P,143,80P,150,"x",78N,150,4,4,"l",83S,140,90Z,140,"x",90Z,138,4,4,"l",80P,137,80P,130,"x",78N,126~,4,4,"a",84T,126~,94^,136,60<,"l",86V,128,84T,126~,"d",86V,124|,"l",92\,134,94^,136,"d",96`,134,"h",5006 V"c",136,144,8,"a",136,155,147,144,-90Z,"l",145,146,147,144,"d",150,146,"l",126~,138,126~,150,"l",124|,134,124|,154,"x",118v,142,4,4,"l",120x,142,120x,128,"h",5007 '"l",161,142,172,142,"l",161,138,172,138,"t",3,22,"+","l",172,144,188,144,"l",172,136,188,136,"t",5,22,"-","a",172,140,200,144,30,"h",5008 e"x",220,128,24,8,"s",8,"l",209,142,220,142,"l",209,138,220,138,"l",228,142,248,142,"l",228,138,248,138,"l",232,148,240,148,"l",238,150,240,148,"d",238,146,"h",5009 "x",16,92\,20,28,"x",20,104h,4,4,"x",28,104h,4,4,"x",36$,104h,4,4,"x",20,96`,4,4,"x",28,96`,4,4,"x",36$,96`,4,4,"h",5010 B"x",62>,96`,4,32 ,"l",64@,96`,64@,88X,"d",92\,88X,"d",92\,96`,"l",92\,100d,92\,112p,"d",64@,112p,"d",64@,100d,"c",78N,98b,2,"l",78N,100d,78N,106j,"d",86V,106j,"h",5011 "l",112p,96`,112p,108l,"d",116t,112p,"d",140,112p,"d",140,96`,"d",112p,96`,"x",116t,106j,4,2,"x",116t,100d,4,2,"h",5012 2"l",168,106j,160,114r,"d",192,114r,"d",200,106j,"d",192,98b,"d",160,98b,"d",168,106j,"c",184,111o,2,"c",184,102f,2,"c",176,108l,2,"c",176,102f,2,"h",5013 "x",208,88X,8,8,"l",212,96`,224,112p,"d",232,104h,"a",232,100d,236,104h,-180,"h",5014 1"x",32 ,524,16,8,"l",24,66B,32 ,66B,"l",24,62>,32 ,62>,"l",24,58:,32 ,58:,"l",24,546,32 ,546,"l",40(,60<,568,60<,"t",13 ,2,"D","t",13 ,6,"A","h",5015 "x",64@,568,8,4,"l",68D,568,76L,480,"d",76L,72H,"d",68D,64@,"a",80P,72H,80P,480,-60<,"a",88X,72H,88X,480,-502,"h",5016 "x",112p,568,16,28,"c",120x,64@,4,"c",132,64@,4,"l",120x,60<,132,60<,"h",5017 "l",160,70F,184,70F,"l",160,62>,184,62>,"l",160,546,184,546,"l",160,46.,184,46.,"x",176,64@,4,4,"l",180,66B,190,66B,"x",176,568,4,4,"l",180,58:,190,58:,"x",176,480,4,4,"l",180,502,190,502,"h",5018 "x",208,480,24,28,"c",222,60<,4,"c",232,60<,2,"x",221,502,4,2,"h",5019 *"t",16,30," ","h",5020 "*" M"visual display unit VDU",9 ,5,6,0,"visdisvdumonscr" ="daisywheel printer",9 ,5,12 ,3,"dai" I"barrel type of line printer",9 ,5,18,4,"barlin" ="ink-jet printer",9 ,5,24,5,"inkjet" @"dot matrix printer",9 ,5,30,2,"dotmat" >"microfiche",9 ,10 ,6,0,"micfilphocom" <"graph plotter",9 ,10 ,12 ,0,"graplo" ;"punched card",9 ,10 ,18,0,"puncar" D"punched paper tape",9 ,10 ,24,8,"punpaptap" 8"robot arm",9 ,10 ,30,0,"robarm" Q"digital to analogue converter",9 ,15,6,0,"diganacondto" D"speech or sound",9 ,15,12 ,0,"spesouvoisyn" N"magnetic tape/cassette tape",9 ,15,18,14,"magtapcas" R"magnetic hard disk pack",9 ,15,24,0,"maghardispacexcwin" B"mini-floppy disk",9 ,15,30,0,"minflodis" "*" 6"Conveyor belt - flowcharts",7,0,7 "The objects are detected by a","light beam and counted",14,14,"words and operations",3,"of the word or operation","word or operation" "A flowchart shows the steps","needed to solve a problem. In","this problem a conveyor belt","carries objects of two","different sizes. Two light","sensors are used to detect the","size of each object which","passes. The number of objects","of each size must be counted.","When there are no objects left","the totals are to be printed","out.","Your tasks are to work out what","the numbers input from the","light sensors tell you about ","a block and to fit the","instructions into the flowchart.","*"  "t",2,9 ,"","t",4,9 ,"","x",44,,140,16,118v,"x",152,144,8,4,"x",128,144,8,12 ,"x",112p,144,8,4,"x",92\,144,8,12 ,"x",72H,144,8,12 ,"l",64@,148,524,148,"l",568,152,524,148,"d",568,144,"l",64@,128,72H,136,"t",5,3,"","t",6,3,"sensor","h",5105  "l",82R,136,82R,128,"d",88X,128,"t",5,11 ,"0 dark","t",6,11 ,"1 light","l",74J,136,74J,112p,"d",88X,112p,"t",7,11 ,"0 dark","t",8,11 ,"2 light","h",5107 i"x",12 ,524,480,112p,"l",68D,100d,68D,524,"t",10 ,2,"number","t",11 ,2,"input","t",12 ,4,"0","t",13 ,4,"1","t",14,4,"3","t",10 ,9 ,"object","t",11 ,9 ,"size","t",12 ,9 ,"","t",13 ,9 ,"","t",14,9 ,"none" ^"i",2,"t",15,16,"l=0 l=l+1 s=s+1","t",16,2,"mve","i",0,"t",16,6,"move the belt on one block","i",2,"t",17,2,"if3","i",0,"t",17,6,"Is the input number 3? etc","i",2,"t",18,2,"prt","i",0,"t",18,6,"print out s and l","h",5108 B"i",1,"s",12 ,172,151,"l",180,151,180,145,"s",13 ,167,135,"i",2,"t",4,21,"s=0","i",1,"l",180,135,180,129,"s",13 ,167,119w,"l",180,119w,180,116t,"i",0,"h",5109 ;"i",1,"s",11 ,168,108l,"s",10 ,164,110n,"s",9 ,193,110n,"l",192,108l,197,108l,"s",13 ,197,103g,"l",225,108l,236,108l,"d",236,105i,"s",12 ,229,95_,"i",0,"h",5110 m"i",1,"l",168,108l,164,108l,"d",164,100d,"s",11 ,152,92\,"s",9 ,178,94^,"s",10 ,168,80P,"l",176,92\,184,92\,"s",13 ,183,87W,"l",209,92\,216,92\,"d",216,84T,"d",223,84T,"i",0,"h",5111 "i",1,"l",164,84T,164,76L,"s",11 ,152,68D,"s",9 ,178,70F,"s",10 ,148,70F,"l",152,68D,144,68D,"d",144,104h,"d",164,104h,"b",164,104h,"l",174,68D,183,68D,"s",13 ,183,63?,"l",209,68D,216,68D,"d",216,84T,"b",216,84T,"i",0,"h",5112 "i",1,"s",13 ,223,79O,"l",249,84T,254,84T,"d",254,118v,"d",180,118v,"b",180,118v,"i",0,"h",5113 *"t",13 ,30," ","h",5114 "*"  /"light",9 ,5,3,1,"lig"  3"large",9 ,12 ,9 ,2,"larbig"  3"small",9 ,13 ,9 ,3,"smalit" 3"start",9 ,2,22,0,"stabeg" ."l=0",9 ,6,22,0,"l=0" ."if3",9 ,8,22,0,"if3" ."prt",9 ,8,26,0,"prt" 5"stop",9 ,9 ,29,0,"stofinend" /"if0",9 ,10 ,20,0,"if0" 1"l=l+1",9 ,10 ,24,0,"l=l" /"if1",9 ,13 ,20,0,"if1" 1"s=s+1",9 ,13 ,24,0,"s=s" /"mve",9 ,11 ,29,0,"mve" "*" P5"Computer centre personnel",7,0,7 Q"There are many different jobs","in a typical computer centre",1,9 ,"computer personnel",3,"of the title of this job","job description of the" Rm"Any computer centre, whether it","is in a large firm or a local","authority will have many people","working in it.","These people will work in one of","two departments -"," "," (a) Operations department"," including operators,"," clerks and librarian;"," "," (b) Development department"," including systems"," analysts and programmers.","*" T1"i",0,"t",3,3,"Types in data" UU"i",2,"t",4,3,"Controls the","t",5,5,"flow of papers" VT"i",0,"t",6,3,"Is in charge of","t",7,5,"the centre" WQ"i",2,"t",8,3,"Supervises the","t",9 ,5,"hardware" XQ"i",0,"t",10 ,3,"Develops new","t",11 ,5,"hardware" Y3"i",2,"t",12 ,3,"Codes programs" Z0"i",0,"t",13 ,3,"Checks data" [V"i",2,"t",14,3,"Keeps details","t",15,5,"of all files" \Y"i",0,"t",16,3,"Looks after the","t",17,5,"daily routine" ],"l",156,160,156,28 ^"h",5215_ _-"i",2,"t",2,21,"Verifier" `N"i",0,"t",3,21,"Operations","t",4,23,"manager" a."i",2,"t",5,21,"Librarian" b/"i",0,"t",6,21,"Programmer" cK"i",2,"t",7,21,"Systems","t",8,23,"analyst" dK"i",0,"t",9 ,21,"Centre","t",10 ,22,"manager" eR"i",2,"t",11 ,21,"Punch (KTD)","t",12 ,23,"operator" gK"i",0,"t",13 ,21,"Control","t",14,23,"clerk" hO"i",2,"t",15,21,"Computer","t",16,23,"operator" m"i",0,"h",5230n n"*" o3"Verifier",3,13 ,2,0,"ver" p="Operations manager",3,16,2,0,"ope" q7"Librarian",3,14,2,0,"libarc" r5"Programmer",3,12 ,2,0,"pro" s="Systems analyst",3,10 ,2,0,"sysana" tD"Punch operator",3,3,2,0,"keyktdkttddepun" u:"Control clerk",3,4,2,0,"concle" v;"Computer operator",3,8,2,0,"com" w;"Centre manager",3,6,2,0,"cenman" x"*" 0"History of Computing",7,0,7 "These are some of the major","events of computing history",1,18,"dates",4,"of the date","event that happened in" "The earliest computers were","little more than mechanical","calculating machines.","The first real electronic","computers were built in","the 1940's. They used valves","& were 1st generation machines.","2nd generation computers used","transistors & were built in the","late 1950's & early 1960's.","3rd generation machines","used integrated circuits while 4th","generation machines using very","small integrated circuits became","available in the mid 1970's","*" "i",0,"t",2,3,"3rd generation computers","t",4,3,"Pascals calculator","t",6,3,"1st generation computers","t",8,3,"Difference engine","t",10 ,3,"Manchester Mk 1","t",12 ,3,"2nd generation computers","t",14,3,"Hollerith tabulator","t",16,3,"4th generation computers","t",18,3,"First microcomputer" F"i",2,"t",1,4,"Integrated software","t",3,4,"Colossus","t",5,4,"Harvard Mk 1","t",7,4,"ENIAC","t",9 ,4,"Analytical engine","t",11 ,4,"First minicomputer","t",13 ,4,"Jacquard loom","t",15,4,"EDSAC","t",17,4,"BASIC" 8"i",0,"l",220,167,220,23 "h",5309  "i",1,"t",18,28,"1645","t",17,28,"1805","t",16,28,"1822","t",15,28,"1837","t",14,28,"1890","t",13 ,28,"1943","t",12 ,28,"1944","t",11 ,28,"1946","t",10 ,28,"1948","t",9 ,28,"1949","t",8,28,"1951","t",7,28,"1958","t",6,28,"1961","t",5,28,"1964","t",4,28,"1965","t",3,28,"1970","t",2,28,"1975","t",1,28,"1980"  "i",0 "*" 0 "1645",3,4,2,0,"1645" 0"1805",3,13 ,3,0,"1805" /"1822",3,8,2,0,"1822" /"1837",3,9 ,3,0,"1837" 0"1890",3,14,2,0,"1890" /"1943",3,3,3,0,"1943" /"1944",3,5,3,0,"1944" /"1946",3,7,3,0,"1946" 0"1948",3,10 ,2,0,"1948" 0"1949",3,15,3,0,"1949" /"1951",3,6,2,0,"1951" 0"1958",3,12 ,2,0,"1958" 0"1961",3,17,3,0,"1961" /"1964",3,2,2,0,"1964" 0"1965",3,11 ,3,0,"1965" 0"1970",3,16,2,0,"1970" 0"1975",3,18,2,0,"1975" /"1980",3,1,3,0,"1980" "*" ,E:1:"Diagrams and ideas in COMPUTING":"(part 2)":0: 1:6700,:3,0;" Collins 1985" n2:10 ,0;"Press STOP on your tape recorder":0:0.1}L,20:1800: t:6700,:4,0;"If you run this program again":5,0;"it will not be exactly the same" Z2:7,2;"To run this program again":9 ,10 ;"press RUN" S12 ,2;"To load and run DIAGRAM3":14,10 ;"press NEXT" 17,0;"To load and run a later program":18,2;"wind on the tape before you":20,10 ;"press NEXT":0  c$="":c$= c$="R"c$="r"6 ac$="N"c$="n":2:17,0;"Press PLAY on your tape recorder":0:""  6915 XJ2,"A VDU produces a fast display","with graphics but no hard copy" YA2,"A daisywheel printer produces","'letter quality' type" ZI2,"A barrel printer is very fast","and prints one line at a time" 2,"In an ink-jet printer the ink","is moved by a electric force" \F2,"A dot matrix printer has a set","of needles which move out" ]82,"Microfiche is computer output","on microfilm" ^H2,"A graph plotter can print text","and draw diagrams in colour" _52,"Punched card is not used often","nowadays" `B2,"Punched paper tape is still","used to control machines" a>2,"Robots are a becoming a common","industrial output" bA2,"A digital to analogue","converter. Produces a voltage" cH2,"Sound and speech generation","is found in some car computers" d:2,"Cassette tape is used on most","home computers" e:2,"Text can be stored in files","on magnetic disk" f92,"Floppy disks can hold up to","1 Mbyte of data" ?2,"Blocks move along the belt","past two light sensors" A2,"As a block covers the light","beam the numbers change" /2,"The instructions are shown in","red" 02,"Start and initialize the","variables" H2,"If there is no block in front","of the sensors print s and l" A2,"If both lights are blocked","it must be a large block" D2,"If only left light is blocked","it must be a small block" A2,"Move the belt forward and","look at the numbers again" '1,"The outline is now complete" < 2,"These are computer personnel","job descriptions" >2,"These are the job titles","(in a different order!)" :2,"You have to match the job","to its description" E2,"These are some of the major","events in computing history" 52,"The dates on which the events","occurred." 62,"You must connect the date with","the event" @%nd:e=115:nm:nd:e: r e=19 :nm:nd:e:  e=13:nm:nd:e:  e=13:nm:nd:e: #)3,"output" #-3,"printer" #13,"output" #23,"robotics" #3E2,"digital has fixed levels:","an analogue quantity can vary" #43,"speech synthesiser" #562,"You can use this to record","sound as well" #63,"disk unit" #73,"mini-floppy" #[ 1,"A lamp produces this" #\?2,"0 means that the light is","blocked to both sensors" #]C2,"1 means that the light is","shining on the right sensor" #^12,"You have to start at only","one point" #_1,"initialize l" #`A2,"When there is no block light","shines on both sensors" #a1,"print out s and l" #b31,"The algorithm has only one","exit point" #cD2,"A large block covers both ","sensors and the number is 0" #d72,"Add one to the total for the","large blocks" #eJ 2,"A small block only covers the","left sensor & the number is 1" #f71,"Add one to the total for the","small blocks" #g&1,"Move the belt on one block" #G2,"The data is checked (verified)","to eliminate typing errors" #C2,"This is the day-to-day","running of the computer centre" #@2,"Data files and programs must","be organized properly" #I2,"These people must follow the","systems analysts specification" #=2,"He or she must make the system","work efficiently" #D2,"These operate keyboards and","input data into the system" #A2,"Someone has to organize the","paperwork in the system" #C2,"These people change tapes &","disks and test the system" #B2,"This person is an expert in","management and computers" #F2,"Pascal's machine was the first","mechanical adding machine" #D2,"Punched cards were used to","store data and instructions" #E2,"Babbage's difference engine","was a mechanical calculator" #=2,"This machine had all the","features of a computer" #F2,"Punched cards were used in a","USA census for the 1st time" #E 2,"This computer was designed to","break enemy secret codes" #32,"The first electro-mechanical","computer" #32,"The first large electronic","calculator" #82,"The first computer to use a","stored program" #;2,"EDSAC was the first of the","'modern' computers" #22,"1st generation computers used","valves" #72,"2nd generation computers used","transistors" #62,"This language was designed","for beginners" #>2,"3rd generation computers use","integrated circuits" #G2,"Smaller computers (the size of","a cabinet) were introduced" #H2,"4th generation computers use","large scale integration (LSI)" #G2,"Microcomputers were introduced","using microprocessor chips" #D2,"Software was designed to work","and be packaged together" ' 1," " nfg  gg   vcYI'm doing some sorting ,oZtmanobeq xy2rhtlcwp0O V you back to choose another topicHOutput from the computerMTry to think of the name ofNeach output methodXOutput from the computerFof the method.G pictogram forT WoutputLvisual display unit VDUAvisdisvdumonscrB C DIAGRAM3 F :7:7:0 <f=0:b$=" ":6800  n=1 2 a(20) 4 b(20) 5 l(20) 6T557:g(14,3):i=114:j=13:g(i,j):j:i 7Q0,0,0,0,1,1,1,0,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,1,0,0,1,1,1,0,0,1,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,1,0,1,0,0,1,1,1 <$f1=0:f2=0:f3=0 > v=0 ? nh=0 @!y$="I'm doing some sorting" B%b$=" " Ca$=b$ Dl$=b$ znm=2805 :nd=2800 + 400 ,a=12 .z$ 0&i=07:row:z$+i,row:i 2a NG"h",0,0,0,0,0,0,0,126~ PF"i",0,0,0,0,0,0,0,75K ^U"p",255,129,129,129,129,129,129,255 fJ"t",1,2,2,4,132,72H,40(,16 h  6700, i3:4,25:0,116t:180,0:0,-116t:-180,0 20:6,1;"This program revises" &7,1;"your knowledge of" 8,1;"diagrams and how they":9 ,1;"link with ideas.":10 ,1;"You can select":11 ,1;"from several topics." 12 ,1;"For each topic you":13 ,1;"can choose either to":14,1;"have the topic":15,1;"explained or you can":16,1;"choose from two types":17,1;"of test." 320@:300,  0.1}L,20:1800   449 &2:192,84T,60< 4,23;"If":5,21;"you get":6,20;"a part":7,19;"wrong you ":8,18;"are told why" 9 ,17;"it is wrong, ":10 ,17;"sometimes with":11 ,17;"a reference to":12 ,18;"the GEM. You":13 ,18;"will get ":14,19;"another go":15,21;"later."  454 >18,7;" ":4:64@,112p,60< 1,6;"Each":2,5;"topic":3,4;"continues":4,3;"until you":5,2;"have got all":6,2;"the parts":7,2;"correct, but" 8,2;"you can stop":9 ,2;"at any time":10 ,3;"by pressing":4:0:11 ,4;"symbol":12 ,3;"shift and":13 ,7;"*":7 !340T:300,:442 )0.1}L,20:0:1800  mn=1 x$=" ":3000 c$="*"400 v>96`nn=v-96` v<96`nn=v-64@  nn=56900  f=1 25000+(nn-1)*100d:x$:700 !0:mn=2:3000 v=101e6900  lf=1 c$="*"490 =c$="a"c$="A"lf=0:2000:600X:530 2c$="b"c$="B"2000:2300:530 2c$="c"c$="C"2000:1500:530 c$="d"c$="D"490 X(ml=7000X+(n-1)*502:ml b#8000@+(n-1)*502: "pap,ink,bor,c$,c$,v,v,v$,v,c$,c$ B:0:6:0,16-(x$/2);x$:0  800 : !7:" ":" "; "6:0 #5"INFORMATION ABOUT THE TOPIC":7:0:"" $v$ &6v$="*"7:0:" ":1800:8204 (v$:804$ 4 :pap:3:7:ink:  :5 72:1,(16-h$/2);h$:0 8,1;"Well done. You have got all":10 ,1;"questions in the section":12 ,1;"CORRECT.":1:14,1;"Now try another topic":0 $i=015:0.1}L,i:i  1800:7:490  k=1q 2(5000+(n-1)*100d)+30+a(k) l$,ar,l,c,wq,a$ '6:l,c;(64@+k);:7  l(a(k))=k k 0.5,0:1800  c$="":c$=  c$01545  k=1:t=0:nq=l(k) 1 (5000+(n-1)*100d)+30+nq "l$,ar,l,c,wq,a$ $$9000(#+(n-1)*502+nq ' 2450 (d1:19,2;"Press the ";:6:0:"LETTER";:7:1:" by the" ,a1:20,2;g$;" ";:6:21,16-(l$)/2;l$;:7:ink 1 c$="":c$= 6c$=015851 ;c$="*"490 = 2450 @7c$=(64@+l(nq))c$=(96`+l(nq))1650r J. 2:20,2;"WRONG ";:ink:20,10 ;"It was ";(64@+l(nq));:1:l,c;(64@+l(nq)):0:0.5,-12 :b=2:1800:2450 :6:0:2470 :7:7:2:l,c;(64@+l(nq)):0:7:2450 T 1670 r4:21,1;" RIGHT";:ink:t=t+1:b(k)=0:22-t,0;"";:0.5,12 :b=4:6:0:l,c;"":7:1800 st=q1700 w 1670  k=k+1 wq=01675 'b(k)=0k=k+1:1675  1677 k>qk=1:1673  1673 nq=l(k):1562  1000  221,8;"Press SPACE to continue";  c$="":c$= c$01805   c$="":c$= c$="*" f=1490 c$=" "1830& ! 1810 & c$="":c$= (c$01830& *!0:21,2;b$: X&21,18;"Press SPACE" Z c$="":c$= \c$="*"start ^ c$=" " ` 1882Z =n=nn:dl=(5000+(n-1)*100d):dl:nh=2 gh$,pap,ink,bor,m$,n$::6:0:bor:0,(16-(h$)/2);h$;:pap:ink:x$=h$ b,e,t$,zl,f$,g$:i=0 =nh=dl+3:4,0;" ":lf=12200    t=0 K6:0:0,(16-(h$)/2);h$;:7:0 U6:i=1q:22-i,0;"";:i:22-i,0;"":7 p6:19,2;b$:20,2;b$:19,2;m$:20,2;n$:7 2020:  2850" c$ c$="*"21004 c$="p"2080  c$="i"2290 c$="l"2500 c$="t"2700 c$="d"2090*  c$="c"2600(  c$="a"2820 c$="s"2650Z c$="b"2750 c$="x"2810 c$="h"lf=0nh: c$="h"lf=1nh  c$="":c$= c$="*"490  2020  p:p: *x=a:y=b:a,b ,x,y .1;a-x,b-y: > -(5000+(n-1)*100d)+31 @2,9 ;"Here is a list of the";:3,9 ;t$ " "  q=0 l$ l$="*"2250 1:" ";l$:ink ar,x,y,nq,a$ q=q+1:a(q)=q q=16cont::" "  2210 r=(*65536)+1 r 21,0;" "; i=1̱y$:y$(i); j=12 x=(*(e-b))+b y=(*(e-b))+b h=a(x):a(x)=a(y):a(y)=h  j:0.05|L,(-10 +i):i 9i=1q:b(i)=1:i:i=1q:l(a(i))=i:i  2450  1800 ,(5000+(n-1)*100d)+3  2010 i:i: 0.2~L,0:1800  k=1:nq=a(k):2450 @a$="*"1:19,2;"Type in the whole answer": 7:0:19,2;"Type the first ";zl;" character(s) ";:20,2;b$:20,2;f$:0:7 0(5000+(n-1)*100d)+30+nq 21,1;b$ l$,ar,l,c,wq,a$ % 9000(#+(n-1)*502+nq w$="" I1:6:1:l,c;:2900T :7:0:0 j=1zl  2410j :0.1}L,10 )6:21,2;w$;:7 j  25 0:l,c;" ";:i=1 !i>a$2450 :2343' $/w$=a$(ii+zl-1)2450 :2350. &i=i+zl:2337! )A2450 :0:2:l,c;"":2:21,2;"WRONG ";:0:0.5,-12 :1800:6:9000(#+(nn-1)*502+nq:2470 :2450 :6:19,2;"The correct answer was":20,2;l$;:7:0:b=2:1800:2450 + 2370B .6:1:20,2;l$;:7:4:21,2;"RIGHT":ink:6:l,c;"":7:b(k)=0:21-t,0;"";:t=t+1:0.5,12 :b=4:1800 /t=q2400` 3 2370B Bk=k+1:0 Cwq=02373E D b=2k=l(wq):2385Q Ek>qk=1 F'b(k)=0k=k+1:2373E Gnq=a(k):2305 Q( b(k)=0k=k+1:2373E R 2375G ` 1000 j n c$="":c$= oc$=02410j pc$="*"530 qfc$=12 (c$=13 jzl)w$="":21,2;" ":.03{u\,45-:2325 r(c$)<65A2420t s&(c$)<97ac$=((c$)+32 ) t w$=w$+c$ y c$="":c$= {c$="*"530 ~ c$="" 2425y 19,2;b$; 20,2;b$; 21,2;b$;  >6:19,2;b$:20,2;b$:7 0:nl nl=07:  m6:nl=4w$:19,2;"Look up this GEM reference..":20,2;w$:2488 w$:19,2;w$; nl=12488 w$:20,2;w$; *7:0:lf=11800  x,y,a,b x,y a-x,b-y  (x,y,r 2x,y,r 7 Zm dp=4000+(m*502) ip n l,c,t$ l,c;t$;  x,y i=-11 j=-11 x+i,y+j j i  421,1;b$:nh:2020:1800: -2450 :ml:2470 :ml=ml+1: x,y,h,w 5x,y:0,h:w,0:0,-h:-w,0:  x,y,w,h,a a=a*/180 x,y:w-x,h-y,a: T1:ar=1"" Uar=2"" Var=3"" War=4"" Xar=5"" Zar=6"" [ar=7"" \ar=8"" ]ar=9 "?" ^ 0: :7 &#3500 +(mn-1)*100d + 1 ,.x$" " 0,16-(x$/2);x$ ./h$:2,2;h$:n=1:m=1 6n=1:m=1 8h$ :h$="*"3200 D1:7 N%(3+n),2;(64@+m); X7:0 b(3+n),4;h$ q n=n+2 v m=m+1 { 31288 >"":" ";:1:"Press a LETTER to choose";:7 v$:v$=" "3210 (1:7:18,0;v$ v$:19,0;v$ 0v$:20,0;v$:7:0 0:7 c$="":c$= v=(c$) v=42*6900 'v>64@v<(64@+m)3800 'v>96`v<(96`+m)3800 3210 #"DIAGRAMS & IDEAS IN COMPUTING" "Application - a factory" "Inside a computer" "Logic networks" "Application - banking" "Finish using the program" "*" " "," "," " "CHOOSE FROM THIS LIST" "Explanation" "Do you know the names" "Can you recognise the items" "Choose another TOPIC"  "Finish using the program" "*" $r"Remember that pressing "," symbol shift and * will take ","you back to choose another topic"  Zi=108l80P-4:j=02:212,i-j:8,0:j:i: q18,130:i=12:4,0:0,4:4,0:0,-4:i: 6>i=58:70F4:i,128:0,6:i 8>i=82R94^4:i,128:0,6:i :>i=70F82R4:i,146:0,6:i < h|gi,gj:gi,gj:0,-12 :-3,0:5,-4:5,4:-3,0:0,12 : gi,gj:gi,gj:-5,-4:3,0:0,-12 :4,0:0,12 :3,0:-5,4: ̝104h,128:0,4:32 ,0:0,-4:-32 ,0:k=108l1324:k,128:0,4:k Ν104h,136:0,4:32 ,0:0,-4:-32 ,0:k=108l1324:k,136:0,4:k  1:k=12  252480:k,36$:0,120x:k:k=36$15640(:12 ,k:240,0:k:0: 8"An integrated factory system",7,0,7 }"As the system outline is built","try to match each operation",1,14,"labels.",3,"of the label.","word(s)" "This topic is about a factory","where a central computer is used","to control the whole production","process.","This includes receiving orders","and the dispatching of the","finished goods."," ","You have to fit instructions","into a systems outline.","*" "t",2,2,"A FACTORY","x",524,108l,16,32 ,"i",1,"t",3,17,"computer system","i",0,"h",5004 "i",0,"c",20,140,4,"l",22,142,22,143,"l",20,138,22,138,"l",20,136,20,128,"d",16,120x,"l",20,128,24,120x,"l",16,136,20,132,"d",24,136,"x",28,124|,16,16,"l",44,,132,524,116t,"t",6,18,"clocking on","h",5005 "c",100d,132,8,"l",100d,140,112p,140,"l",100d,124|,84T,116t,"i",1,"t",7,17,"employee skills","i",0,"h",5006 "x",104h,46.,30,22,"x",106j,64@,8,18,"l",106j,72H,114r,68D,"d",124|,72H,"t",4,18,"orders" "l",116t,76L,116t,84T,"l",108l,88X,108l,100d,"l",124|,88X,124|,100d,"a",108l,88X,124|,88X,120x,"a",108l,100d,124|,100d,120x,"a",108l,100d,124|,100d,-120x,"l",108l,96`,84T,110n,"i",1,"t",5,17,"today's work","i",0,"h",5009 "x",12 ,46.,40(,88X,"x",16,68D,2,12 ,"x",16,64@,2,12 ,"x",16,60<,2,20,"x",16,568,2,20,"x",44,,502,20,12 ,"x",46.,524,16,8,"t",12 ,7,"delay","t",13 ,8,"s","t",14,8,"b","t",15,8,"p","l",64@,86V,64@,108l "i",0,"t",8,18,"control of","t",9 ,18,"production","i",1,"t",10 ,17,"shortages","i",0,"t",11 ,18,"breakdowns","i",1,"t",12 ,17,"poor industrial","t",13 ,17,"relations","i",0,"h",5011 "x",20,92\,16,16,"l",28,86V,28,92\,"l",36$,100d,524,112p,"t",14,18,"work done","h",5012 "x",12 ,28,14,32 ,"l",22,42*,22,46.,"i",1,"t",15,17,"warehousing","i",0,"h",5013 i"l",44,,36$,60<,36$,"x",60<,28,14,480,"l",68D,32 ,68D,36$,"d",84T,36$,"d",84T,40(,"d",88X,40(,"d",92\,36$,"d",92\,32 ,"d",68D,32 ,"c",72H,32 ,2,"c",88X,32 ,2,"t",16,18,"delivery","h",5014 1"x",108l,108l,16,16,"l",108l,116t,84T,112p,"i",1,"t",17,17,"wages, salaries","i",0,"x",524,132,16,32 ,"t",4,7,"` $","l",68D,124|,68D,132,"t",18,18,"profit","h",5015 *"t",18,28," ","h",5016 "*" 5"computer",9 ,7,8,1,"comcen" 8"orders",9 ,15,14,2,"ordletpos" Q"file of product orders",9 ,10 ,14,3,"todwordisordfilpro" ;"clocking in",9 ,5,4,4,"clopunsta" ?"file of skills",9 ,5,12 ,5,"filempski" F"control of production",9 ,12 ,3,6,"proconaut" 4"shortages",9 ,13 ,8,7,"sho" 8"breakdowns",9 ,14,8,8,"bresto" P"poor industrial relations",9 ,15,8,9 ,"pooinduniprorel" 7"work done",9 ,9 ,3,10 ,"woract" :"warehousing",9 ,17,4,11 ,"warsto" >"delivery",9 ,17,12 ,12 ,"deltralorwag" E"wages & salaries",9 ,7,14,13 ,"wagpaysalmon" 1"profit",9 ,4,8,14,"pro" "*" /"Inside the computer",7,0,7 l"All the parts of a computer","connect to the bus",1,13 ,"parts.",3,"of the part.","item" "A computer consists of a CPU,","a store and various peripherals","connected to a central BUS.","This bus contains wires for","address, data and control","information."," ","You have to match up the labels","with the parts.","*" "x",12 ,76L,32 ,200,"t",9 ,2,"control","t",10 ,2,"s","t",11 ,2,"a","h",5106 "s",1,"h",5107 ,"x",12 ,124|,32 ,146,"x",16,126~,12 ,34","s",2,"x",16,140,12 ,32 ,"x",546,126~,28,44,,"x",568,134,12 ,40(,"s",3,"x",102f,126~,16,524,"s",6,"h",5108 N"s",4,502,124|,"s",5,66B,124|,"h",5109 "x",176,124|,32 ,68D,"x",182,126~,12 ,480,"x",182,142,12 ,480,"t",5,23,"abcde","t",3,23,"123","s",4,188,124|,"s",5,204,124|,"h",5110 "x",12 ,28,32 ,480,"t",15,2,"Q W E","x",14,46.,12 ,12 ,"x",30,46.,12 ,12 ,"x",46.,46.,12 ,12 ,"s",5,38&,76L,"x",68D,28,32 ,44,,"l",72H,36$,72H,524,"a",72H,524,76L,568,-90Z,"l",76L,568,104h,568,"a",104h,568,108l,524,-90Z,"l",108l,524,108l,36$,"a",108l,36$,104h,32 ,-90Z,"l",104h,32 ,76L,32 ,"a",76L,32 ,72H,36$,-90Z,"s",4,84T,76L,"h",5111 "x",118v,44,,16,86V,"s",4,140,76L,"s",5,176,76L,"t",15,15,"USER ","l",148,44,,148,32 ,"t",18,15,"PRINTER","l",172,44,,172,36$,"d",212,36$,"d",212,32 ,"t",18,24,"MODEM","l",188,44,,188,40(,"d",220,40(,"d",220,480,"t",15,26,"ROBOTS","h",5112 "x",222,62>,12 ,28,"l",222,68D,204,68D,"d",204,76L,"l",200,72H,204,76L,"l",208,72H,204,76L,"t",13 ,28,"NET" *"t",18,30," ","h",5113 "*"  6"control unit",9 ,3,5,0,"con"  5"clock",9 ,5,5,2,"clooscmul"  K"logic, function unit",9 ,4,9 ,3,"logariprofunalu" N"Central Processing Unit (CPU)",9 ,3,15,4,"cpucenpro" ="registers",9 ,5,18,5,"regaccstomem" Q"main memory or store",9 ,5,29,6,"memstoimmcormairamias" F"bus or highway",9 ,10 ,14,7,"bushigadddatcon" 8"address lines",9 ,10 ,2,8,"add" 5"data lines",9 ,11 ,2,9 ,"dat" 4"keyboard",9 ,17,3,10 ,"key" U"VDU (monitor or TV)",9 ,16,11 ,11 ,"vdumontv tvcolscrcrtcat" 2"ports",9 ,15,20,12 ,"por" B"expansion connector",9 ,9 ,28,13 ,"expcon" "*" P*"logic networks",7,0,7 Qs"There are three main types","of logic gate",1,11 ,"gates and codes",3,"missing part","place of" R."The basic logic gates of AND,","OR & NOT are combined to make","the logic networks needed to","perform additions; to see if","two codes are the same, and to","move data from one place to","another. "," ","You will have to name various","gates and to complete the logic","states in TRUTH TABLES.","*" T"x",36$,128,24,32 ,"l",16,132,36$,132,"l",16,148,36$,148,"l",68D,140,88X,140,"t",4,5,"OR","h",5205U U"x",116t,128,24,32 ,"l",104h,148,116t,148,"l",104h,132,116t,132,"l",148,140,160,140,"t",4,15,"AND","h",5206V V"x",92\,100d,16,32 ,"l",80P,108l,92\,108l,"l",126~,108l,132,108l,"t",8,12 ,"NOT","h",5207W W"t",1,1,"HALF ADDER","l",88X,140,88X,148,"d",104h,148,"l",104h,132,104h,123{,"d",132,123{,"d",132,108l Y"x",36$,96`,24,32 ,"l",28,148,28,116t,"d",36$,116t,"b",28,148,"l",20,132,20,100d,"d",36$,100d,"b",20,132,"l",68D,108l,80P,108l,"t",8,5,"","l",80P,108l,80P,92\,"d",160,92\,"b",80P,108l,"h",5210Z Z"i",1,"t",3,1,"A","t",5,1,"B","t",3,9 ,"X","t",7,9 ,"Y","t",8,17,"Z","t",4,20,"S","t",10 ,20,"C","i",0,"t",2,24,"TRUTH","t",3,24,"TABLE","x",180,92\,480,64@,"i",1,"t",5,23,"ABXYZSC","i",0,"t",6,23,"0000","t",7,23,"0","t",8,23,"0110","t",9 ,23,"1111011","h",5211[ ["t",11 ,1,"COMPARATOR","x",12 ,36$,32 ,16,"t",14,2,"N","t",15,2,"O","t",16,2,"T","x",524,36$,16,32 ,"t",16,7,"","x",92\,26,22,32 ,"t",17,12 ,"AND","x",84T,60<,19,32 ,"t",13 ,11 ,"AND","x",148,480,24,24,"t",14,19,"" \"l",16,76L,84T,76L,"l",20,76L,20,68D,"b",20,76L,"l",20,36$,20,30,"d",92\,30,"l",40(,64@,84T,64@,"l",44,,64@,44,,44,,"d",524,44,,"b",44,,64@,"l",84T,44,,92\,44,,"l",124|,36$,140,36$,"d",140,568,"d",148,568,"l",116t,68D,148,68D,"l",172,60<,176,60<,"h",5213] ]"i",1,"t",12 ,1,"A","t",14,4,"B","t",17,4,"W","t",15,11 ,"X","t",16,16,"Z","t",12 ,16,"Y","t",14,22,"S","i",0,"x",188,28,480,64@,"i",1,"t",13 ,24,"ABYWXZS","i",0,"t",14,24,"1111","t",15,24,"0100","t",16,24,"1000","t",17,24,"0001","h",5214^ ^"*" o2"AND gate",9 ,8,5,0,"and" p3"NOT gate",9 ,16,7,0,"not" q."001",9 ,6,25,3,"001" r."011",9 ,7,23,4,"011" s."110",9 ,7,27,5,"110" t."101",9 ,8,23,6,"101" u6"OR gate",9 ,14,19,0,"or or" v/"000",9 ,14,24,8,"000" w/"100",9 ,15,27,9 ,"100" x0"010",9 ,16,27,10 ,"010" y0"111",9 ,17,24,11 ,"111" z"*" 1"Application - banking",7,0,7 "Banks now have very complex","systems on-line 15 hrs a day",1,12 ,"of the operations",3,"of the operations","operation" "For many years all the clearing","banks have sorted and processed","cheques using one computer ","system. Each bank has its own","large computer system with","terminals in the branches of","the bank. Many banks now offer","'cashcard' facilities through","terminals outside the branch","open for up to 24 hrs a day."," ","You have to match operations","with a systems flowchart.","*" "t",2,2,"BANKING","x",524,108l,16,16,"l",524,120x,28,136,"x",12 ,132,16,16,"l",20,132,16,128,"d",20,124|,"d",16,120x,"d",20,116t,"l",12 ,92\,12 ,112p,"l",28,92\,28,112p,"a",12 ,92\,28,92\,120x,"a",12 ,112p,28,112p,120x,"a",28,112p,12 ,112p,120x,"h",5305 "l",28,140,524,140,"x",524,132,16,16,"l",68D,140,72H,144,"d",76L,140,"d",80P,144,"d",84T,140,"x",84T,132,16,16,"h",5306 B"x",44,,68D,24,32 ,"l",44,,86V,28,98b,"l",72H,92\,86V,102f,"c",92\,108l,8,"l",92\,116t,104h,116t,"l",92\,116t,88X,120x,"d",92\,124|,"d",88X,128,"d",92\,132,"h",5307 "l",12 ,60<,12 ,80P,"l",28,60<,28,80P,"a",12 ,60<,28,60<,120x,"a",12 ,80P,28,80P,120x,"a",28,80P,12 ,80P,120x,"l",28,70F,44,,76L,"d",40(,78N,"l",44,,76L,42*,72H,"l",76L,80P,92\,80P,"d",88X,84T,"l",92\,80P,88X,76L,"l",92\,68D,92\,88X,"l",108l,68D,108l,88X,"a",92\,68D,108l,68D,120x,"a",92\,88X,108l,88X,120x,"a",108l,88X,92\,88X,120x,"h",5308 "l",480,68D,32 ,44,,"x",20,28,16,16,"l",60<,68D,60<,524,"l",64@,28,72H,28,"d",72H,524,"d",480,524,"d",480,40(,"a",480,40(,64@,28,-90Z,"l",72H,68D,88X,42*,"c",92\,36$,8,"l",92\,44,,104h,44,,"h",5309 "i",1,"t",2,15,"old accounts file","i",0,"t",3,14,"tape from clearing","t",4,14,"house","i",1,"t",5,15,"new accounts file","i",0,"t",6,14,"cash dispenser","i",1,"t",7,15,"daily transaction","t",8,15,"file","i",0,"t",9 ,14,"archived microfilm","i",1,"t",10 ,15,"backup file" "i",0,"t",11 ,14,"printed statements","i",1,"t",12 ,15,"clearing house","i",0,"t",13 ,14,"cheques sent to","t",14,14,"clearing house","i",1,"t",15,15,"branch terminal","i",0,"t",16,14,"central computer","i",1,"t",17,15,"electronic link","i",0,"t",18,14,"delivery link","h",5311 *"t",18,30," ","h",5312 "*" <"branch terminal",9 ,4,2,1,"brater" 1"cheques",9 ,4,7,2,"che" <"clearing house",9 ,4,11 ,3,"clehou" >"cash dispenser",9 ,7,7,4,"casdisaut" C"daily transaction file",9 ,9 ,2,5,"daitra" ="tape from clearing",9 ,8,11 ,6,"tap" >"central computer",9 ,12 ,7,0,"cencom" 3"old file",9 ,13 ,2,0,"old" 4"new file",9 ,12 ,12 ,0,"new" C"archived microfilm",9 ,17,3,0,"arcmiccom" @"printed statements",9 ,16,7,0,"prista" 6"back-up",9 ,17,11 ,0,"bacdum" <"electronic link",9 ,6,1,0,"eletel" 8"delivery link",9 ,6,10 ,0,"del" "*" ,E:1:"Diagrams and ideas in COMPUTING":"(part 3)":0: 1:6700,:3,0;" Collins 1985" n2:10 ,0;"Press STOP on your tape recorder":0:0.1}L,20:1800: t:6700,:3,0;"If you run this program again":4,0;"it will not be exactly the same" Z2:7,3;"To run this program again":9 ,10 ;"press RUN" 12 ,3;"To load and run QUESTIONS1";13 ,7;"or a later program";14,2;"turn the tape over before you";16,10 ;"press NEXT"  c$="":c$= c$="R"c$="r"6 ac$="N"c$="n":2:17,0;"Press PLAY on your tape recorder":0:""  6915 XJ2,"The central computer has 256K","of memory and four disk drives" YL2,"The day starts as the employee","clocks on using a punched card" ZH2,"Records about each employee's","skills are available on file" 2,"Orders come in by post and are","input by a key to disk system." \92,"The computer schedules the","day's production" ]52,"Details of the items produced","are input" ^<2,"The finished goods are stored","in the warehouse" _1,"and then delivered" `F2,"When the customer pays profit","is made & everyone is paid" a#1,"the outline is complete" <2,"The bus contains control ,data","& address lines" =2,"with a connector on the end","for expansion units" B2,"The CPU : clock, logic unit","registers & control unit" >2,"Signals move from CPU to BUS","and from BUS to CPU" >2,"The main memory or store","is connected to the bus" =2,"Some input & output devices","are 'memory mapped'" @2,"Other interfaces provide","parallel and serial ports" H2,"A network interface can link","computers, printers and disks" #1,"The outline is complete" C2,"The OR gate has an output of","1 if either input is a 1" G2,"The AND gate has an output of","1 only if BOTH inputs are 1" A2,"The NOT gate changes a 0 into","a 1 and a 1 into a 0" F2,"A HALF ADDER adds two binary","digits giving SUM and CARRY" <2,"The logic states can be shown","in a TRUTH TABLE" J2,"Any branch instruction has to","know if two codes are the same" E2,"The output S is only a 1 if","the two inputs are the same" '1,"The outline is now complete" I2,"Work from the terminals & cash","dispensers is stored on disk" K2,"Cheques for other branches and","banks go to the clearing house" G2,"The data comes from the daily","file and the clearing house" .2,"The old accounts file is","UPDATED" 72,"Statements and a backup file","are produced" /2,"Here is a list of the ","operations" '1,"The outline is now complete" @nm:nd:nm:nd:nm:nd:nm Bnd:nm:nd:nm D$nd:nm:nd:nm:nd:nm:nd:nm:nd J rnm:nd:nm:nd:nm tnd:nm:nd:nm:nd:nm vnd:nm:nd:nm:nd:nm:nd: nm:nd:1:k=1 4:150:3,1;g(k,1):5,1;g(k,2):4,11 ;g(k,3):0.1}L,20:k:0:150:3,1;" ":5,1;" ":4,11 ;" " nm:nd:1:k=5 8:150:3,12 ;g(k,1):5,12 ;g(k,2):4,20;g(k,3):0.1}L,20:k:0:150:3,12 ;" ":5,12 ;" ":4,20;" " nm:nd:1:k=9  10 :150:8,9 ;g(k,2):8,17;g(k,3):0.1}L,20:k:0:150:8,9 ;" ":8,17;" " nm:nd:nm:nd:nm:nd:nm:1:k=11  14:150:12 ,1;g(k,1):14,4;g(k,2):14,22;g(k,3):0.1}L,20:k:0:150:12 ,1;" ":14,4;" ":14,22;" " nd:nm:nd: nm:nd:nm:nd:nm:nd nm:nd:nm:nd:nm:nd  #)12,"It has a CPU, store and","peripherals" #*1,"I want a ...." #+"1,"A list of today's work" #,1,"Time of arrival" #-#1,"A list of what I can do" #.<2,"Making sure everything is","produced efficiently" #/62,"Something is missing so we","can't make it" #0* 1,"Something has stopped working" #11,"Strike" #2'1,"This has actually been made" #3)1,"Storage of the finished goods" #4%1,"Transport to the customer" #592,"Calculated at the end of each","week or month" #6/2,"The shareholders get some","of this" #[?2,"This links all the parts and","controls the timing " #\=2,"This produces about 2 million","pulses per second" #]F2,"This performs all the logical","and arithmetical functions" #^=2,"This is the overall name for","'processing' parts" #_&1,"These are temporary stores" #`F2,"All program instructions and","variable data are held here" #a'1,"This carries 'passengers'!!" #b$1,"Where data is 'posted'!!" #cH2,"These binary codes could mean","letters:instructions:numbers" #d;2,"You press these down - one","for each character" #e@2,"Sometimes with a green screen,","sometimes in colour" #f12,"A lot of different 'ships'","use them" #g.2,"You could expand the memory","here" #/2,"Only a 1 1 input gives","1 output" ##1,"This has a single input" #1,"X is 0" #1,"X is 1" #1,"C is 0" #1,"B is 0" #.2,"A 1 0 input will give a","1 output" #1,"Y is 0" #1,"X is 1" #1,"W is 0" #1,"Y is 1" #1,"In your local bank" #1,"Written money" #1,"All cheques go here" #$1,"Use outside normal hours" #%1,"Wiped at the end of a day" #1,"One for each bank" ##1,"All the data comes here" #1,"Yesterday's file" #1,"Today's file" #1,"photographic output" #1,"masses of paper" #"1,"in case of major error" #1,"carried by wire" #1,"passed by hand" ' 1," " fB C